THE FARM AND GARDEN. 



GOLDEN OPPORTUNITIES IN THE SOUTH. 



Cbniimwd. By Joseph. 



"\ New Settler "In Florida has fed his Jour- 

 nalistic steam-works with my fael. He comes 

 sailing along, driven by the wind that I hoped 

 would swell my sails. He has reaped where I 

 meant to reap, and left nothing but the glean- 

 ings. I felt robbed, actually and shamefully 

 robbed, when I read his reply (in June number 

 of Fakm and Garden) to Clayton CoUamer's 

 fever-tainted and feverish ideas expressed in May 

 number. 



As the ease stands now, I will have to be satis- 

 fied with the gleanings. The spirit of Mr. CoUa- 

 mer's letter alone makes it appear as self-evident, 

 even if he had not expressly admitted it, that 

 this New F.ngland man has listened with great 

 satisfaction to the teachings of a partisan press 

 which has been hostile to the South, but that he 

 has never set a foot on Southern soil. In the 

 main, he treats us to theories gathered from 

 every source except from facts. Tlie need of 

 theory merely proves the difficulty to produce 

 facts. In the present case we can dispense with 

 theory altogether, because the facts are easily 

 established. 



There are malaria districts In the low lands of 

 the South, but rarely indeed have I met the man 

 suffering from this "worst disease." The locali- 

 ties are few where it is dreaded. We are not to 

 be scared by ghosts. Why should the new-comer 

 settle in an unhealthy location as long as nlne- 

 lenths of the country Is exceedingly health-y and 

 free from malaria? 



Is the Southern climate really debilitating? 

 Far from it. Are not the nights generally cool 

 all summer long? The heat less suffocating even 

 in the hottest days than in the North ? Southern 

 people have their "servants," and like to be 

 waited on. They are used to letting a servant do 

 what quite often they might do themselves. It 

 Is an old habit, and bad habits are contagious. 

 Northern men may sometimes fall into this habit 

 after a while, and get lazy, but not from the 

 effects of the debilitating climate, but in conse- 

 quence of the social conditions and surroundings. 

 Who should come to the South ? Certainly not 

 the man who is contented and happy, and makes 

 a comfortable living elsewhere. Let well-enough 

 alone. But if you are dissatisfied with the cli- 

 matic or other conditions in the North, and want 

 to go South, look before you leap. Go and see 

 for yourself, before you buy. Use your eyes, and 

 refuse to look through the tinted spectacles of 

 latid agents. 



To the young man and the man with a limited 

 capital, seeking a home in a congenial climate, I 

 say, " Young man, go South ! " 



And now I wish to reassert it, for the one-hun- 

 dredth time, that the golden opportunities in the 

 South are as numerous as cats and dogs. There 

 is room for good farmers, good gardeners, dairy- 

 men, fruitr-growers, stockmen, florists. I know 

 of an excellent opening for a florist or rose- 

 grower, such as is found but once in a lifetime ; 

 ef another for a dairy and truck garden. "Khese 

 are cases of demand without supply. Should 

 any party wish to avail himself of one ol these 

 chances, I will cheerfully inform him of the par- 

 ticulars on application to Farm and Garden. 

 As these letters will have to be forwarded to me 

 by the publishers, stamp should be enclosed. 

 The information is free and entirely disinter- 

 ested, but the applicant Is expected to investi- 

 gate for him.self. 



THE POETRY ANO PROSE OF BBC KEEPING. 



By Mahaln B. Chaddock, Vermont, Fulton Co., HI. 



It seems like a poet's dream to bK beneath the 

 maple trees and watch the golden messenger, 

 shooting off and upward, glistening in tne sun- 

 light, eager for the spoils, and retuKiing honey- 

 laden to the hive; busy while the harvest lasts. 

 And then at eventide, when we sit on our own 

 porch and door-step, we can hear the «ontented 

 hum of the little housekeepers, as -they sit on 

 their porches and in their front doors and fan 

 themselves. The dewy air, fragrant with the 

 clover smell that comes from the newly-gathered 

 sweets. And as we sit and think that these bees 

 are ours, and that they are working for us, it 

 gives us a comfortable feeling that is the next 

 thing to happiness. When we open the full hive 

 and take therefrom the honey, clear as crystal, 

 and put it on our tables, it makes a sweet poem 

 indeed. 



Now we come to the hard work— the prose of 

 bee keeping. If the colonies are weak, we must 

 build them up; if they are scarce of stores, we 

 must feed them. We must get our boxes and 

 hives all ready for the honey harvest and swarm- 

 ing time. "We must lift and carry, work and 

 watch, watch and wait. It is hard work. Hives 

 must he moved around; honey is heavy, and It 

 must be carried in quantities or much time is 

 Ibst. The weather is generally hot when the bees 



are doing well, and our hair gets in our eyes, and 

 when we have bee hats on don't our noses always 

 itch ? (Mine alwai/s does.) Sometimes the smoker 

 goes out just wlien we need it most, and the 

 angry bees get in their best licks, and our hands 

 swell up until we cannot shut our Angers. We 

 run here for rotten wood, there for coals, and 

 yonder for muslin, and then we want the scissors. 

 We tramp, tramp, tramp until our feet are weary 

 and our head is hot, and we almost wish that we 

 had never seen a " blessed bee." 



JULY PARAGRAPHS. 



By Jbtin M. Slahl. Quincy. 111. 



It wheat harvest comes before the cliltivation 

 of corn is finished, do not neglect the corn if you 

 can hire hands at a reasonable figure. Each year 

 more thoroughly convinces me of the wisdom 

 of this, and makes a " reasonable figure " a little 

 higher in my calculations. The weather is apt 

 to be droughty, and frequent shallow cultivations 

 will relieve the corn. I have noticed that when 

 corn was neglected during wheat harvest and 

 cultivated afterwards, in nine c;ises out of ten 

 that cultivation did harm; and the hurt to the 

 corn was just in proportion to the depth of the 

 cultivation. If you must cultivate at this time, 

 do It shallow. And if the only object In cultiva- 

 ting corn that has been neglected during harvest 

 is to destroy weeds, this is better done by cutting 

 them off at the ground with a sharp hoe. If you 

 have cultivated your corn as you should, this 

 can be done rapidly. . 



Blessed be the man that Invented the self-bin- 

 der, for he has made the farmer Independent of 

 the migratory harvest hand, who, in nine cases 

 out of ten, is a poor one. He is a peculiar institu- 

 tion. Whence he comes or whither he goes, no 

 one knows or cares. He travels northward with 

 the harvest, and when It ends he leaves the 

 country. He works, or rather pretends to work, 

 on the farm only during the harvest season. 



He binds grain poorly, and therefore Is a tor- 

 ment. He does not gather up the bundle clean, 

 but leaves a bunch to be lost. He uses not more 

 than twelve straws for a band, therefore can not 

 bind the bundle tight; but he would not do so 

 anyhow. He never straightens a bundle, and Its 

 butt is as crooked as are his ways. He puts the 

 band near the head, and when the shocker 

 attempts to pick up the bundle the grain falls 

 out. If the bundle is finally set up In the shock, 

 it will not fail to slip out when laid In the stack, 

 at least. By these marks shall you know the 

 poor binder, and the quicker you get rid of him 

 the better. , 



V 



The great secret of b'ndlng grain well Is to use 

 a thick band. Draw the band moderatety tight; 

 then if you have a large band you will make it 

 very tight around the bundle by the twist you 

 make before tucking. If you use a small band 

 you cannot do this, for you have no purchase. 

 \ large band is the secret of easy binding, as tt is 

 of tight binding, for you have the advantage of a 

 leverage, and do not have to pull the band tight 

 by main force. » , 



Good binding consists in using a thick, double 

 band; in gathering up the grain clean; in 

 straightening the bundle, when needed, in put- 

 ting the band near the centre, a little nearer the 

 butt than the head; and in making the band 

 tight, tucking it towards the butt. 



The band should be tucked towards the butt. 

 In bulging a stack the bundles will always slip a 

 little. If the band is tucked towards the head, 

 this slipping will untie the bundles and spoil the 

 the stock ; if tucked towards the butt, the sHp- 

 ping only tightens the band. 



Since the extended introduction of the self- 

 binder, shocking has become the most important 

 part of the manual labor of grain harvest. Some 

 shocking is shocking. The model shock is made 



of twelve bundles; neither more nor less when 

 the self-binder is used, or when the grain, bound 

 by hand, is of medium to large growth, for then 

 the bundles are of a fair size. Two pairs of bun- 

 dles. Inclining towards a common centre, are 

 first set ; then one at each end ; next two at each 

 side; lastly, the two caps. 

 •i" 

 Some farmers say that when only twelve 

 bundles are used the shock is sure to blow down. 

 I dispute this. It is not the number of bundles, 

 but right setting, which gives stability to the 

 shock. The bundles should be set down hard 

 Into the stubble. They should all lean towards 

 a common centre; If one leans one way and another 

 leans another way, the shock will fall of its own 

 weight. After all the bundles are set, gather the 

 tops in your arms, and pull them together ; this 

 will make the bundles settle together. For cap 

 sheaves select long, slender ones, and break them 

 thoroughly, that they may fit close to the shock ; 

 and turn the heads towards the prevailing winds. 

 If thebuttsare puttowardsthe prevailing winds, 

 the caps are very likely to be blown off. 



Twelve bundles placed as I have directed will 

 stand as well as twenty ; and such a shock will 

 dry out much better after a rain than a larger 

 one will. ' _ ^. 



Wear a large ereen leaf, or a wet cloth In vour 

 hat this hot weather. The leaf is the better. A 

 horse-radish or cabbage leaf is good. .\s long as 

 you sweat profusely yo i are safe, but should the 

 perspiration become scant, or entirely cease, stop 

 work, and go to tlie shade at once. The best way 

 to cool the body is to pour cold water over the 

 wrists; or if this is too severe, stir a bucket of 

 cold water with the hands and wrists. 



Abstain from meats. We should have an 

 abundance of fresh vegetables and ripe fruits for 

 our tables. If we have not, we are very unwise. 

 .\11 oily rfoods increase the animal heat, which 

 now should be kept at minimum. This animal 

 heat is mostly produced by an internal combus- 

 tion—the union of oxygen and carbon. The 

 oxygen is got from the air in the lungs ; the car- 

 bon Irom the oil in our food. Hence the more 

 oil the more carbon (fuel) and the more animal 

 heat. Vegetables and fruits form much the 

 most wholesome diet. 



>^ 



Do not sleep in the sweat-saturated clothing 

 worn during the day. Bathe each nigTit before 

 going to bed ; rest is gained by so doing. 



COMMENTS FROM THE PEOPLE. 



Mrs. Alrmi Perry, Danville,: 111. " Your paper 

 IS Just excellent, and I will send you another 

 club." 



Mary Stuart Smith, University of Va.: "My 

 roses have come in good order, and I am recom- 

 mending the Investment to my neighbors." 



J. Bunting, Bristol, Tenn.: "1 regard your 

 paper as the best and cheapest publication In the 

 United States. I would not be without it for 

 double the price." 



E. T. Daniels, New Kloma, Kansas.: " I have 

 been a »eaaer of several farm journals all my life. 

 They are all good, but for the busy peactjcal 

 farmer, I think yours is the best of all. It is all 

 wheat, no chaff to be sifted out." 



Jacob S. Ulrey, No. Manchester, Ind.: "Farm 

 AiND Garden received as well as seeds offered as 

 premium. I must say that I was agreeably sur- 

 prised In the paper; It far exceeded my expecta- 

 tions, and I wish you a long and prosperous 

 career." 



Mrs. L. Kelley, Washington, D. C: "This morn- 

 ing your book accidentally fell into my hands on 

 my way to the office. I passed it around and the 

 club was made up at once. The sentiment ex- 

 pressed was 'you get a quarter's worth in one 

 number.' " 



I. E. C. Easterly, Willow .Spring, Va.: "I can 

 not afford to do without the monthly visits of 

 the Farm and Garden. I have been taking it 

 for two years past, and It would be like parting 

 with an old friend to quit now. I regard itas the 

 best paper that is published at that price." 



Wm. Lee, JIanchester, N. H. : "The article on 

 Apple Geoinetrides Is well worth $10 to any 

 farmer, or other person owning an apple orchard. 

 Nearly all the apple trees In this city look as 

 if a fire had swept over them, but I am confident 

 that if your article is read, and the Instructions 

 followed, that we shall be able to keep the canker 

 worms under control, if we do not entirely get 

 rid of them next season." 



'ELESCOPES 



■ LEV 



pliia. ts 



Spri~tar/e.-!, Barometera, Thermom- 



'' cv, Pftntngraphic Oiitrit^forAnut' 



Ijprr,, 'J'c^v,,! M:rroscopeJs. \V. H. WAI.MS- 



iv- (O.. suir.^snrs toR. & J. Bf (k.-Ptiiladel- 

 rlllustratcd Price-Llst free to any address. 



Jlevotvers, 

 Rifles, 



^Oreat WBftera^ _. 

 esaWatks,Pltt>baigli^ 



■NIAGARA WHITE GBAPE. MARLPORO Bispljerry. 

 H. S. Anderson, Union Springs. N.Y^Catalogue./Vtfa 



SUORTU Kt^fi^^^^'^sO'oroughlytaxtghl 

 .■■^»» • ■•'*i'i'-*l'ynmil or personally, 

 itiiations procured for pnpils when competent. 

 end for Circular. W. G. OECAFFEE. Oswego.N. Y. 



LATE CABBAGE 



erown from 



. . , , 'I'liget sioiind ' 



seed, in lots ol lU.OOO. at sl'J. For luriie or snuall 

 lots, write for terms. Also CltANUERRY Plants. 

 I. & J. L. LEONARD, ION A, NEW JERSEY. 



BOVLESTOWN HORSE POWER, 



With either regoilar Incline or level rrrii iri.k, has 

 the simplpsit and most efficient coverih : m , ;. . The 

 DOYLtSTOWN JUNIOR THRESHER AND CLEANER bas no 

 superior. Ffir lihisiratpd f'aialoErue, aridress sole manu- 

 facturer, DANIEL HULSHIZER. Doylestown. Bucks Co.. Pa. 



