THE FARMER'S MAGAZINE. 



119 



which would be enforced did necessity arise, appear to 

 offer a fair amount of security against the introduction 

 of a new cattle pest from Holland. 



Westphalia and Hanover. 



These countries are entirely free from Rinderpest, and 

 have been so for upwards of forty years ; and, besides 

 which, very little disease of any kind was found to be 

 prevalent among the cattle. The laws which are en- 

 forced with regard to contagious diseases, are analogous 

 .0 those which are generally adopted upon the Con- 

 tinent, but differ a little in Fome of their details. 



Pleuro-pneumonia was said by the late M. Haus- 

 mann, Professor of the Veterinary School, to have been 

 first observed in Hanover as early as 1807. This 

 disease has existed with some few intervals, and with 

 more or less severity, down to the present day. Of late 

 years the animals attacked have been so few as not 

 to create any great solicitude on the part of the Govern- 

 ment. Precautionary measures are, however, adopted 

 on the frontier with regard to cattle coming from Hol- 

 land, which are made to undergo a quarantine, and none 

 are allowed to enter from Holstein, unless they are cer- 

 tified to be in a state of perfect health. 



Veterinary surgeons are bound to give notice of all cases 

 of contagious disease which they may meet with in their 

 practice, and proprietors also are required to report the 

 appearance of pleuro-pneumonia or allied affections among 

 thtir cattle. No animal, although seemingly in perfect 

 health, if it has been living with others affected with 

 pleuro-pneumonia, can be pastured or driven on roads 

 so as to come within two hundred yards of other cattle ; 

 nor can the owner dispose of any of his herd under such 

 circuDistances until it is certified by the department 

 veterinary surgeon that all the animals are perfectly free 

 from the disease. The period of time which is allowed 

 to elapse after the passing away of the malady and the 

 selling of the cattle is left to the discretion of the veteri- 

 nary surgeon. A proprietor can place his animals under 

 medical treatment if he sees tit, or he is at liberty to 

 slaughter them and send them to the meat market. The 

 flesh of those affected with pleuro-pneumonia, even in its 

 advanced stngos, is not unfrequentlysold, as in England, 

 by the inferior class of butchers. 



:, A regulation exists with regard to the disease of 

 glanders, which, although it does not belong to the 

 special object of this report, may, nevertheless, be men- 

 tioned. Horses affected with this malady are not only 

 prevented being sold or exposed for sale, but the owner 

 is compelled to have them killed ; and he is not allowed, 

 under the pain of a heavy penalty, to sell any other horse 

 out of his establishment, or even to place any one of 

 them in stables belonging to other persons, for six 

 months after the death of the affected animal. 



M. Hausmann, Veterinary Surgeon to his Majesty the 

 King of Hanover, informed us that a conviction had 

 very recently taken place under this law, where a carrier 

 was heavily fined for putting his horses, which had been 

 with a glandered animal, into a stable at a public inn in 

 the town of Hanover, on the occasion of his coming to 

 the place on the market day. 



Hamburg. 



This, as the chief port of the Elbe, receives a consi- 

 derable number of cattle from the surrounding districts 

 for exportation to England, and large quantities of hides 

 are also sent from hence. Some diminution in the 

 amount of cattle which of late has been shipped at 

 Hamburg has taken place, and from the same cause 

 which is assigned by the exporters from Holland, 

 namely, that the price obtained in the English markets 

 is not EuflSciently remunerative when compared with that 

 which can be procured at home. 



The cattle come chiefly from the distillers, sugar refi. 

 ners, and farmers in the town and territory of Hamburg, 

 and the adjoining duchies of Holstein and Lauenburg. 

 They are usually sent first to the market at Hamburg, 

 and if not sold are exported to Englan'l. An inspection of 

 them is regularly made in the market by a duly appointed 

 veterinary surgeon ; besides which they are prevented 

 enterinj^- the town unless found to be in a healthy state. 

 These regulations afford us a certain amount of security 

 against the importation of diseased animals from this 

 port. The system of inspection has been in operation 

 from the commencement of the recent outbreak of 

 pleuro-pneumonia in Holstein ; but it has been particu- 

 larly observed since September, 1856, when the follow- 

 ing proclamation was made by the Senator of the Marsh- 

 lands of the territory of Hamburg — 

 Proclamation. 



It having been communicated to the Senator for the district of 

 the Marshlands that in several parts of the Duchy of Holstein a 

 pulmonary disease has agaiu broken out aciong the cattle ; in 

 order to prevent the introduction of this dangerous malady, it ia 

 hereby ordered that for the present no cattle can be brought 

 into the district of the Marshlands from the duchies of Hol- 

 stein and Lauenburg without a certificate from the proper 

 local authorities, stating that, at tlie places from whence the 

 same may come, no infectious disease prevails among the 

 cattle, and this under a penalty of 50 thalers for every case of 

 contravention. 



The whole of the bailiffs and subordinates pre hereby re- 

 quired particularly to attend to this order, and obtain obser- 

 vance of the same, and denounce to the authorities of the 

 Marshlands all who may disobey or attempt to disobey the 

 same. 



(Signed) Arning, Dr. 



Senator for the Marshlands. 



Hamburg, 19th September, 1856. 



No cattle intended for the English market are brought 

 into Hamburg by the ships from Tonning or the other 

 ports on the coast of Denmark, but they go direct to 

 England ; nor are many conveyed there for this pur- 

 pose by means of the navigation of the Elbe from Cen- 

 tral Germany. " The Order in Council," at the time 

 our visit in April, did not appear to be understood by 

 the exporters of cattle as to the intention of the Govern- 

 ment with regard to this port ; and they refrained at first 

 from shipping cattle, although Hamburgh was not named 

 in the prohibition, for fear lest on their arrival in Eng- 

 land they should be seized by the Commissioners of 

 Customs. 



We were informed by Colonel Hodges, Consul- 

 General at Hamburg, thst a similar doubt existed with 

 regard to hides, and, further, that the order would be 

 inoperative for good, presuming that the seeds of a con- 

 tagious disease could be conveyed by these articles of 

 commerce so long as Hamburg, as the port of the Elbe, 

 and Bremen, as the port of the Wcser, were left open, 

 as large quantities of these commodities come down those 

 rivers. The hides are collected from out of various 

 countries, and it is impossible to trace them to their 

 original source. The merchants of Hamburg, however, 

 continued to export hides, first making a declaration 

 before the consul that they did not come from Lubeck 

 or any of the Baltic ports. The consul upon this certi- 

 fied that such declaration had been made, and thus left 

 our Commissioners of Customs to deal with the ques- 

 tion as they might see fit. Should the necessity unfor- 

 tunately arise to prohibit the importation of cattle, 

 hides, hoofs, &c., from fear of introducing a contagious 

 disease, such as therinderpcst,then not only must Bremen 

 and Hamburg be named in the order, but Tonning also, 

 as the port of the Eider, as this place has direct water 

 communication with the port of Kiel on the Baltic, from 

 which place hides, hoofs, &c., can readily be conveyed. 



Little fear, however, need be entertained of the intro- 

 duction of the disease from Denmark by means of any 



