THE FARMER'S MAGAZINE. 



127 



measures were enforced. Auother cause of this long 

 duration of the malady is to be found in the difficulties 

 ■which were experienced in the adoption of the sanitary 

 laws, and the want of zeal on the part of the public in 

 giving effect to them." 



In October, the disease declined in the different 

 circles, and was nearly extirjjated ; but, about the 

 middle of November, it reappeared in the villages of 

 Braunau and Seitsch, which doubtless depended on a 

 second communication being established between them 

 and some of the still infected farms. The following 

 table shows the number of the places affected, together 

 with the quantity of cattle kept, and the result of the 

 outbreak : 



The report states, in conclusion, that, " considering 

 the extent of the circles, and the number of cattle kept 

 in them, together with the length of time which elapsed- 

 before a correct diagnosis was arrived at, the loss is but 

 a trifling one, and especially when it is compared with 

 the thousands of animals which arc sacrificed to the 

 disease in other countries." 



Subsequently to the extirpation of the pest from this 

 part of Silesia, in November, 1856, the province conti- 

 nued free until the month of March of the present year, 

 when, as has been previously explained by the official 

 report which we have previously inserted on the authority 

 of Waron Schleinitz, some villages lying near to the 

 frontier of Galicia were affected by " the introduction of 

 two herds of cattle from that country." It thus appears 

 that Silesia has experienced two separate outbreaks, the 

 first during the year 1856, and the second in 1857. 



By the extension of the disease northward Lithuania 

 and Courland became affected, the pest showing itself in 

 the latter-named province in the autumn of 1856, and 

 continuing until January, 1857, with an estimated loss 

 of 2000 head of cattle. Throughout the entire year of 

 1856, in consequence of the steady progress of the dis- 

 ease in Russian Poland, the importation of cattle, skins, 

 bones, hair, &c., was strictly prohibited all along the 

 Russian frontier of Eastern Prussia. 



On the occurrence of cases at Kowno and Tauroggen, 

 and particularly at Lansayen ' and Georgenburg, places 

 near to the frontier in the circle of Tilset, more severe 

 measures were adopted j the driving of cattle along the 

 right bank of the Niemen was interdicted, and all traffic 

 between the countries was suspended. No persons 

 having to do with cattle were allowed to cross ; or if so, 

 they had to undergo a quarantine, while mail passengers 

 were fumigated at the borders. In the month of August 

 the authorities in the circle of Gumbinen were ordered 

 to stop all the cattle and horse fairs which were to be 

 held in the succeeding months of September and October. 



By the strictest enforcement of these sanatary regu- 

 lations this division of Prussia was preserved until the 

 spring of 1857, when the malady crossed the frontier, 

 and showed itself in the villages of Bassnitzkehmen and 

 Meldiglaueken on the 2nd and 3rd of April. The dis- 

 ease, however, was at once arrested by the establishment 

 of a military cordon, and by the wholesale slaughter of 

 the animals affected, as also of those suspected to be 

 diseased, and the burial of their carcasses in quicklime 

 in holes 8 feet deep. 



It was this immediate arrestation of the pest in this 

 district which induced us, as has been previously ob-» 

 served, to alter our route and to go on to Silesia, 

 instead of Eastern Prussia and Courland, with a view of 

 studying the nature of the malady. 



From the preceding particulars it appears, then, that 

 since the latter part of 1855 the disease has entered the 

 kingdom of Prussia from adjacent countries in three of 

 its different provinces, namely, in November 1855, in 

 the circle of Inowraclaw, province of Posen ; in March, 

 1857, in the districts of Tost-Gldwitz and Lubinitz, 

 province of Silesia; and in the following April in the 

 villages of Bassnitzkehmen and Meldiglaueken, province 

 of East Prussia; besides having prevailed for several 

 months in 1856 in other parts of Silesia, coming there 

 from Posen. 



Galicia. 



Leaving Silesia, we proceeded to Cracow, taking with 

 us letters of recommendation from Baron Schleinitz to 

 Count Clam Martinitz, President of this division of Ga- 

 licia. Waiting our arrival also, we found at the poste- 

 restante a similar communication from G. H. Sey- 

 mour, her Majesty's Ambassador at Vienna, which was 

 accompanied by the subjoined letter : — 



" Vienna, April 27, 1856. 



" Sir,— lu compliance with the request made in your behalf 

 by her Majesty's Legation at Berliu, I at ouce applied to the 

 Minister of the Interior for the facilities of which you stand in 

 need, and have now the pleasure of forwarding to you the en- 

 closed letter of introduction for Count Clam Martinitz, Presi- 

 dent of the Governmeut of Cracow, who has already received 

 instructions by telegraph to afford you every possible assistance 

 in the prosecution of the inquiries with which you have been 

 entrusted by the Agricultural Societies of England, Scotland, 

 and Ireland, under the sanction of her Majesty's Government. 

 " I am, &c., 



" J. B. Simonds, Esq." " G. H. Seymour, 



On calling at the official residence of Count Clam 

 Martinitz, we were immediately admitted to an audience, 

 when, on presenting our letters of recommendation, his 

 Excellency expressed his entire concurrence in the object 

 of our mission, and his readiness to afford us every faci- 

 lity in his power in its accomplishment. He explained 

 that, in his division of Galicia, the malady wks fast 

 declining, but in the circle of Neu Sandec, and also of 

 Jaslo, a few cases would probably be met with. He 

 likewise expressed an opinion that we might have to go 

 as far as Lemberg to satisfactorily study the disease, as 

 in that division of the country it prevailed to a much 

 greater extent. In the event of this being found neces- 

 sary, he kindly promised to furnish us with all necessary 

 letters of introduction to the Governor of the Lemberg 

 division of Galicia, as well as to the local authorities of 

 the places we should visit in his own governmental divi- 

 sion, and also copies of the official documents relating 

 to the progress of the disease, and the instructions issued 

 by the commissioners of the sanitary laws. 



In accordance with this arrangement, in the evening 

 of the same day we had the honour to receive the follow- 

 ing letter, with its several enclosures, two of which we 

 here insert, namely, the statistical return of the progress 

 of the disease, and the notice which regulates the pro^ 

 ceedings of the sanitary commission. 



•' 30th April, 1857. 



i< Sir,— I have the honour, according to my promise, to send 

 you a letter for the Kreishauptman of Jaslo. and auother for 

 Count Gotachowski at Lemberg. I thmk it proper to jom one 

 more addressed to the Kreishauptman of Tarnow 'the place 

 where you are to leave the railroad), in case ;ou should need 

 any assistance relating to your further journey. I send you 

 also the papers we have spoken of. " I am, &c., 



" J. B. Siinouds, Esq." " Clam Martinitz. 



