THE BASIN PROVINCE 



139 



North of the Klamath Mountains no record of the upper Paleozoic is left 

 in Oregon, and it is not again visible until the Snoqualmie quadrangle is 

 reached going northward. 



Pardee^ reports a "series of sediments and lavas that have been more or 

 less metamorphosed and include shale, slate, argillite, schist, quartzite, 

 conglomerate, and greenstone." He states: 



" These rocks are most extensively developed in the northeastern part of the 

 reservation (Colville Indian Reservation), where, underlying most of the Covada 

 mining district, they occupy a belt about 8 miles wide that extends from the head 

 of Ninemile Creek east to the Columbia River and thence north to the reserva- 

 tion boundary. Because no well-marked stratigraphic break was seen in these 

 rocks, because sufficient fossils upon which to base time divisions were not found 

 in them, and because they are most conveniently mapped and described as a unit, 

 the name Covada, which has been applied to that portion exposed in the vicinity 

 of Covada settlement, may be extended to the metamorphic series as a whole, 

 which is here designated the Covada group." 



Pardee suggests the probable equivalence of the Covada group with 

 Cache Creek and its equivalents of the Boundary Survey and northern 

 British Columbia and with the McCloud and Nosoni formations. He says: 



" Thus a chain of Carboniferous roeks of generally similar lithology, extending 

 from Alaska to California, seems fairly well established, and the position of the 

 Colville Reservation strongly sugests that the Covada group is one of the links." 



A suggestion of Paleozoic in Oregon near Grant Pass, in the south-central 

 part, is given by Diller and Kay." Here a few poor fossils (crinoid stems) 

 were found in limestone lentils interbedded with clay slates, siliceous 

 slates, and tuffs. The bulk of the limestone is Devonian, as shown by the 

 fossils, but the third belt of the description carrying the crinoid stems is 

 possibly Carboniferous, possibly Triassic. It is unconformable with the 

 overlying Jurassic. (See also Oregon Bureau of Mines and Geology and a 

 Bibliography of Oregon Geology, etc., Oregon University Bulletin, new 

 series, vol. lo. No. 4, 1912.) 



In the Snoqualmie quadrangle. Smith and Calkins^ recognized three 

 layers among the metamorphic rocks, which are composed of sediments and 

 volcanics : they are the 



Peshastin. 



Hawkins. 



Easton schist. 



These are reported to be strikingly similar to Paleozoic rocks in California, 

 of the Blue Mountains in Oregon, and in the Okanagon Valley of Washington. 



'■ Pardee, J. T., Geology and mineral resources of the Colville Indian Reservation, Wash- 

 ington, Bull. U. S. Geological Survey, No. 677, 191 8. 



2 Diller, J. S., and G. F. Kay, Mineral Resources of the Grant Pass Quadrangle and Border- 

 ing Districts, Oregon, U. S. Geological Survey, Bull. 380, p. 51, 1909. 



5 Smith, Geo. O., and F. C. Calkins, Snoqualmie Folio, No. 139, U. S. Geological Survey, 

 1906. 



