THE FARMER'S MAGAZINE. 



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Cut the haulm down to two or three inches, dig 

 trenches a foot deep on each side, and spread the 

 earth over the beds or rows j place the haulm in 

 the trenches, spread salt over it, and fill the trenches 

 level with dung and leaves. Seakale may be 

 treated in the same way, returning all leaves to the 

 soil, and deeply buried. Rhubarb and artichokes 

 are assisted in this way, omitting the salt : the 

 trenches become most valuable soil. 



Potatoes : Raise and store; dry the second early, 

 and all kinds of which the haulm is yellow. 



Dress and clean all the quarters ; mix manures, 

 and ridge-dig beds of heavy soil. Observe any 

 disease in potatoes, and remove all infection. 



Fruit Department. 



Trees and shrubs, deciduous and evergreens, are 

 safely planted between the middle and end of the 

 month, on grounds drained and deeply trenched. 

 Place manure over the soil, but not mixed with it, 

 as top-dressing answers best. 



Gather and store apples and keeping pears, the 

 latter in a warmer room than apples. 

 Flower Garden. 



Place auriculas in airy frames; camellias and 

 heaths in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated pit or 

 greenhouse ; pelargoniums, cacti, and the succu- 

 lent plants, in a house with a full south aspect. 

 Neatness in every department is always to be 

 observed. 



AGRICULTURAL INTELLIGENCE, EAIRS, &c. 



BLANDFORD SHEEP FAIR.— This fair was held on 

 Saturday, for the first time in the new fair-field, recently pur- 

 chased by th Corporation. There was a large supply of sheep, 

 •bout 7,000 being penned, and a good many horses and cattle. 

 Busines was, however, dull. Ewes sold from 343. to 40s. ; 

 lambs, 27s.] for some few fat lambs SSs. was offered and re- 

 fused. A pen of half-fat ewes realized 488. About 10 tons 

 of cheese were pitched iu the market. Best cheese was very 

 scarce, and high prices were refused, several lots being taken 

 back unsold. Some blues sold at 52s. per cwt. Heavy and 

 light cart-horses were more plentiful than usual, and the 

 better sorts changed hands at high prices. Hacks were scarce, 

 especially those of a superior character. There were about 50 

 beasts driven into the fair, and though the demand was not 

 brisk, the prices realized were quite up to those quoted. 



BOSTON FOAL FAIR.— The annual foal fair was held 

 on Saturday last. There was a large show of animals, but 

 trade was remarkably slow, and prices were fully 25 per cent, 

 lower than those of last year. The show of beasts was also 

 large. Fatted ones realized 7s. 6d. to Ss. per stone. Stores 

 were difficult to quit. In the sheep department, which was 

 well supplied, trade was not very brisk. Wethers sold from 

 403. to 50s., and breeding ewes from SSs, to 45s. per head. 



CARLISLE LATTER FAIR came off on Wednesday. 

 The arrivals of sheep were completed by 11 o'clock. A 

 goodly number of buyers put in their appearance at an early 

 hour of the market, and no sooner was the price asked than it 

 became the general opinion that holders would give way, and, 

 in fact, must give way before many purchases could be made. 

 It proved to be the case after an elapse of an hour or so. The 

 stern resolution of buyers not to purchase is evinced by the 

 fact above stated, that not a lamb was disposed of till after 

 eleven o'clock, at which time holders had lowered a figure, and 

 a few sales were effected for: — Half-breds, 20s. 6d. to 21s. 

 6d. ; two lots of Cheviots were disposed of at 14s. 6d. to 163. 

 3d. respectively ; other lots of the same breed brought more 

 money, but the correct figure did not transpire. Cheviots — of 

 which some prime lots were exhibited, bringing 178. 6d. to 

 18s. a-head — showed a decrease of 3,000 or 4,000 head, while 

 in crosses there was a diminution of more than 1,500 from 

 the first fair. The number of lambs did not appear to be so 

 small to the casual observer, as several lots of Cheviot ewes 

 were exhibited, which took up the place of the missing animals. 

 There was an increase of nearly 400 head of Cheviot e^es over 

 last fair, and the prices were from 2s. to 3s. a-head lower, but 

 with rather better inquiry, although a few lots were left un- 

 sold. On the whole the sheep market was a slow selling one, 

 and prices were against the sellers. Of the animals sold up to 

 the latest point the following are about the current rates : 

 Half-breds, tops, 20s. 6d. to 21s., ditto seconds, 19s. to 20s.; 

 Cbeviots, tops, 15s. 6d. to 163. 6d., ditto seconds, 11 s. to 148. ; 

 crosses, 15s. 3d. to 18s. 6d.; Cheviot ewes, 223. to 25s. 6d. 

 a-head. The attendance of buyers was by no means as nu- 

 merous as on the previous fair, and their operations were of a 



more limited character. Shorthorned beasts, on the average, 

 from £7 10s. to 18s. 10s. ; ditto yearlinss, £4 10s. to £5 ; 

 Galloway heifers and bullocks, £8 5s. to £16 10s. ; ditto year- 

 lings, £4 to £4 lOs.; milk cows, £10 to £17 lOs.; calving 

 cows and heifers, £13 lOa. to £18 ; geld cows, £8 to iE14 ; one 

 Ayrshire cow sold for £12 10s,; a few cross-bred yearlings 

 went for £4 15s. a-head; Highlanders, £(5 to £7 5s. ; Irish 

 heifers, £6 to £14 10s. ; ditto bullocks, of which some good 

 animals were offered, brought, in a few cases, from £10 to £11 

 10s., but generally speaking they were a dull sale ; Irish year- 

 lings, £2 to £3 53. The number of cattle, on the whole, was 

 2,000 increase over last fair. The Northumberland buyers 

 were not so numerous this fair ; the southern counties were 

 well represented, as were also the northern ; an average number 

 were also from the local districts, but they were not so nume- 

 rous as ia usually the case at this market. The horse market 

 was well studded with horses of various kinds, and what we 

 may deem a large show was on offer. There was a large show 

 of cart colta and fillies, and good animals too, but they met 

 with little attention. We heard of a few sales being effected 

 for the latter at from £18 to £20 each. An average supply 

 of light husbandry and secondary cart-horses were in the 

 market, but very few changed hands. A few private bargains 

 were made out of market for cart-horses, the prices ranging 

 from £20 to £28. Ponies were a poor show and not much 

 inquired for. The market was of short duration, closing one 

 of the dullest markets ever held in Carlisle. About six cart- 

 loads of young pigs were exposed for sale, and met a fair de- 

 mand, at from I63. 6d. to 223. a-head. A clearance was 

 effected. 



DRIFFIELD FAIR.— Owing chiefly to the backward state 

 of the turnip crops, the demand for ewes, shearlings, and lambs 

 was very slow. Sellers, however, were stiff in their demands, 

 and towards the close of the fair buyers had to amend their 

 morning's biddings, where sales were made. Many sheep 

 at the close remained unsold. The number of beasts and 

 horses on sale was limited. 



DUNSE SHEEP TRYST, Sept. 18.— The supply of sheep 

 and lambs was larger than last year. The demand was limited, 

 and sales dull. Prices may be quoted as follows : bred ewes 

 42s. to 468., half-bred ewes 233. to 36s., lambs, according to 

 quality, 12s. to 248. Mutton 7^d. to 8d. per lb. There were 

 a considerable number of Irish and other lean grazing cattle 

 in the market, but few sales made, and prices low. 



FINDON I AIR.— This fair was held last Friday. There 

 were 10,000 sheep penned. Ewes sold from SOs. to 40s., and 

 lambs averaged 248. A lot belonging to Mr. Tusler, Edbnr- 

 ton, sold for 328., which we have not included in taking the 

 average, as it would raise it unduly. Mr. G. Hand's ewes 

 fetched 368, per head. There was a much larger show of 

 beasts than usual ; young steers fetched £7, and others about 

 £16. There was a great number of horses (about 300), but 

 half of them Irish colts, There was a large attendance, but 



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