TERATOLOGY OF SCORPHULARIA CALIFORNICA. 127 



Figure 2. — Sepals (s) much enlarged, broadly spatulate, and quite 

 distinct; corolla (c) somewhat urn-shaped, with small 

 equal lobes. 



Figure 3. — Calyx (s) chorisepalous and green ; corolla (c) some- 

 what tubular-elongated, its lobes equal; very usual 

 form. 



Figure 4. — Sepals (s) distinct and somewhat irregular ; corolla (c) 

 regular; ovary replaced by a pair of foliaceous 

 carpels (a). 



Figure 5. — Corolla (c) tubular with lanceolate lobes; ovary (g) 

 obovoid, subtruncate at apex and raised out of the 

 corolla on a stipe-like base; style (f) short tubular, 

 cleft into 2 lobes. This form of ''fruit" is very 

 common. 



Figure 6. — Cross-section of a typical abnormal fruit. Placen- 

 tiferous axis (p) split at the top ; upper part of 

 placentae crowded with small petioled ovate or lan- 

 ceolate leaves (as at o) with serrate, margin which 

 replace the ovules. If these continue to grow, as 

 they commonly do, the wall of the ovary is ruptured 

 and the green leaves protrude. Sometimes through 

 growth of these parts the "fruit" merely becomes 

 didymous, the sides (as in Fig. 5) becoming dis- 

 tended, while the line of union of the two carpels 

 down the middle of the "fruit," which indicates 

 the position of the partition, remains rigid and does 

 not yield. 



