1 38 ERYTHEA. 



twistiug — sometimes becoming quite undulate, so that in the press 

 they are crushed, because they can not be laid flat. Then, again, in 

 their efforts they become misshapen, appearing with irregular 

 scallops where new leaflets should be, and even notched in the 

 wrong places and occasionally narrowed at tlie apex and broad- 

 ened at the sides, and rarely a fine trifoliate leaf is lobed as though 

 making yet further eflbrt for other leaflets. Among these peculiar 

 states the heart-shaped form is conspicuous. 



Rhus ovata is abundant in three of our largest canons. With its 

 clean trunk and bushy head it reminds one of orchard trees, though 

 upon close inspection it is found to be extremely crabbed. 



Beyond "The Isthmus" Arctostaphylos bicolor occurs frequently; 

 it is from eight to twelve feet high. A. diversifolia is found in but 

 one canon, and diflTers from the characterization of the species in 

 the books. It has white flowers and only the very young leaves are 

 "willow-like;" the others are extremely coriaceous. There are 

 three trees from twelve to fifteen feet high. 



Eriogonum giganteum is found occasionally twelve inches in diam- 

 eter and as many feet high. The normal size abounds, the usual 

 diameter ranging from six to eight inches. 



There is one Sambucus glauca in Grand Canon which measures 

 twenty-seven inches in diameter, an unusual size, the largest seen- 



With the aspect of the "Weeping Willow," its pendulous 

 branches over six feet long, Cercocarpus pai'vifolius thrives on all 

 the moist slopes, now and then attaining the height of forty feet. 

 By its side, a variety of Rhamnus crocea grows to be fifteen to 

 twenty feet high. 



Where water remains all the year round, either above or below 

 the sandy bed, the willows thrive, often becoming tall trees. Salix 

 lasiolepis is, perhaps, more frequent than S. laevigata. 



Save on arid slopes Heteromeles arbutifolia abounds, the trunks 

 often one foot in diameter. A form with bright orange-yellow 

 fruit has been found in several localities. It differs, like our red- 

 berried sort, from the character given in Botany of California as 

 follows: Leaves usually entire, "sharply serrate" ones occur but 

 rarely, often not one such leaf on a slope covered with this species; 

 petioles from six to twelve lines long. 



Vast areas of the dry uplands seem again, in June, to be vis- 



