SEA LILIES, STARFISHES, ETC. — CLARK. 103 



smaller specimens approach G. tuharia and the very young are 

 distinguishable only with some difficulty. The differences 

 between the preceding species, G. clypeata, and young G. 

 geranioides are also very slight, but they seem to be constant ; 

 in the Tasmanian specimens of G. clypeata there are no large 

 globiferous pedicellarise, while these are generally very com- 

 mon in G. geranioides, and the actinal primaries are more or 

 less greenish, which is not the case in G. geranioides. The 

 growth changes in G. geranioides, as revealed by the present 

 series are very interesting. Young specimens have either 

 long, slender and often perfectly smooth primaries {i.e., 

 without thorns and prickles) or they are short, moderately 

 stout and with a few coarse thorns. As the individual 

 matures, the spines become more and more stout and the 

 abactinal ones become expanded at the tip ; they are rough, 

 but not spiny, the coarse thorns which may have been present 

 in youth, wearing down more or less markedly. Meanwhile 

 the miliary tubercles and spines encroach more and more on 

 the median ambulacral area, until the adult ladder-Uke 

 arrangement of transverse ridges is perfected. As a result 

 of these changes the mature specimens (30 mm. and over) 

 look very unlike the young. Thirty -one specimens. 



Lacs. — Oyster Bay, Tasmania, 20-40 fathoms. 



North-east of Cape Pillar, Tasmania, 80 fathoms. 



Seven miles north-east of Cape Pillar, Tasmania, 50-60 

 fathoms. 



Near Storm Bay, Tasmania. 



Off Port Davey, Tasmania, 88 fathoms. 



South-west of Rocky Point, Tasmania. 



Near Mainwaring Cove, Tasmania, 50 fathoms. 



Forty miles west of Kingston, South Austraha, 30 fathoms. 



Off Cape Marsden, Kangaroo Island, South Australia, 17 

 fathoms. 



South of St. Francis Island, 35 fathoms. 



GoNiociDARis TUB ARIA (Lamarck). 



Cidarites tuharia, Lamarck, Anini. sans Vert., iii., 1816, 



p. 57. 

 Goniocidaris tuharia, Liitken, Vid. Med., 1863 (1864), p. 137. 



This is a very good series of this well-known and character- 

 istic species. The eighty-eight specimens range in size 

 from 10 to 50 mm. (horizontal diameter). The primary 

 spines seem to reach their maximum length, 40-50 mm., 



