180 " ENDEAVOUR " SCIENTIFIC RESULTS. 



and the tongue which encloses the unformed, secondary 

 teeth. Two widely spaced teeth on the anterior portion of 

 each palatine project obliquely into the mouth, and about 

 three smaller ones are inserted vertically on their hinder 

 portions. 



Base of the dorsal raised above the back ; the first ray is 

 inserted over the eighth scale of the lateral line and is fila- 

 mentous ; the follo-wdng rays decrease in length backwards, 

 and all but the last are bifurcate. Base of pectoral nearly 

 horizontal ; the anterior rays are longer than the others and 

 reach upward to the back. Ventral inserted below the 

 twenty-third scale, and only a trifle nearer to the snout than 

 to the anal ; its rays increase in length backwards, and are 

 mostty bifurcate. Base of anal elevated anteriorly, its 

 length equal to its distance from the hypural ; the third ray 

 is apparently the longest, and the last is minute. Adipose 

 dorsal opposite to, but longer than the anal. Adipose anal 

 well developed. Caudal forked, the lower lobe longer than 

 the upper. 



The entire body is covered by a gelatinous membrane 

 which is thickest on the ventral surface. Scale-pits arranged 

 in five rows anteriorly, in four posteriorly ; they are covered 

 by an iridescent meml^rane in parts which apparently repre- 

 sents the scales. Where the membrane is removed, each pit 

 shows two or three minute photophores. There are twenty 

 photophores in the upper lateral series between the operculum 

 and the ventral fins, and twenty-five more to the anal. The 

 lower lateral series consists of eight on the side of the isthmus, 

 twenty-two between the humeral symphysis and the ventrals, 

 and twenty-five more to the anal. A long series of minute 

 photophores commences on the side of the isthmus and 

 forms a sinuous line between the upper and lower lateral 

 series to the vent ; the median fine of the entire lower 

 surface is marked by groups of similar luminous spots. Six 

 larger photophores are present above the base of the anal 

 fin, and there is a small one at the base of each ray. Five 

 more are on the caudal peduncle, and a short series of minute 

 spots is on the base of the lower caudal lobe. Pr^orbital bone 

 with a large photophor?, and another is present below the 

 eye ; a series of minute spots encircles the lower margin of 

 the eye. Lower surface of the maxillary with a series of 

 microscopic photophores, and a similar series is present 

 beneath the preopercular margin. There is a group of small 

 luminous spots on the lower portion of the preoperculum. and 

 four larger ones occur on the lowermost part of the operculum. 

 Each side of the tongue bears about fifteen photophores, and 

 minute spots are present on the barbel.. 



