CEPHALOrODA.^BERRY. 275 



with it are the *S'. capensis of d'Orbigny and the "S". australis- 

 Quoy and Gaimard,* names which appear to be absolute 

 synonyms of one another. Following Hoyle (1912, p. 281, 

 text fig. 8) in revi\\ing Quoy's and Gaimard's name for the 

 South African form, we find S. chirotrema to be particularly 

 similar in the strongly elaborated mechanism of the tentacle 

 club. This organ has fortunately been well figured for 

 australis by Hoyle, but, if we are to be permitted judgment 

 from the remarkable constancy in structural detail exhibited 

 throughout by the '' Endeavour " series, the differences are 

 certainly of specific value. Not only this, but the localities 

 are widely separated, while d'Orbigny expressly states that 

 the horny rings of the large tentacular suckers are " dentele 

 sur son bord interne," and the suckers of the sessile arms 

 " tres-inegale en grosseur ; celles du milieu plus grosses." 

 He could hardly have made such statements of the species 

 now in hand. -S'. australis further appears to be a much 

 smaller species and to have quite a different sepiostaire. 



The original figures of S. australis, Quoy and Gaimard 

 (copied by d'Orbigny, 1834, Seiches, pi. 12, figs. 7-11) are 

 very confusing when correlation is attempted with subsequent 

 work. These ostensibly shoAv a creature with a small, conical 

 body, its tentacle club comparatively elongate and furnished 

 with only two rows of quite large suckers not dimorphic in 

 size. The sepiostaire, shown in reverse, has four strong 

 grooves, about equally spaced, radiating forward from the 

 spine. 



Gray (1849, p. 110) follows d'Orbign\^ in his synonymy, 

 but in reference to certain Australian material says: — "Var. 

 Shell larger, scarcely so arched and with much longer spine 

 than in M. d'Orbigny's figure. Perhaps a distinct species. 



a. Sydney. Shell. Drv. Presented by J. Edwards, Esq.^ 



R.N. 



b. Australia. Shell. Dry. Presented by A. Sinclair, 



M.D.R.N." 



The Sydney specimen was subsequently figured by Hoyle 

 (1886, p. 136, text fig. 6), who further writes : " As regards the 

 external characters of the animal. Sepia capensis has three 



* As the type locality of S. australis, Quoy and Gaimard, is " le bane 

 des Aiguilles a trente lieues du cap du meme nom," or Cape Agulhas, the 

 name avstralis must have been adopted in a latitudinal rather than a 

 specifically geographical sense and at first glance is therefore a bit mis- 

 leading. It is not established that Quoj-'s and Gaimard"s species so much 

 as occurs in Australian waters. The authentic records are all South 

 African. 



