152 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



line. The second dorsal spine is feeble, somewhat produced, obscurely denticulated in 

 front. The second dorsal fin commences immediately behind the first. Pectoral much 

 prolonged, as long as the head. The outer ventral ray produced into an exceedingly 

 loner stiflf filament. The distance between vent and isthmus rather less than the length 

 of the head. Brownish-black. 



Habitat. — South of Yedo, Japan, Station 235; depth, 565 fathoms. One specimen, 

 28 inches long. 



This species in the structure of its head and in its physiognomy approaches to the 

 ordinary Gadoid t}iDe. 



Traxihyrhynclms. 

 TracliyrhyneJms, Giorna. 

 Snout produced into a long depressed process, sharply pointed in front, and with a 

 rather sharp lateral edge, which is continued in a straight line across the infraorbital 

 region. Mouth horse-shoe-shaped, situated at the lower side of the head. Teeth in both 

 jaws in vUliform bands. A barbel. A scaleless fossa on each side of the nape. The 

 second dorsal fin well developed from its beginning. Scales of moderate size, more or less 

 spinigerous; a series of larger scales, each armed with a projecting ridge along each side 

 of the base of the anterior portions of the dorsal and anal fins. Of the gill-covers 

 the operculum is particularly small. Gill membranes scarcely united in front. Four 

 gills with well-developed gill-lamina?. The first branchial arch is free and provided with 

 short styliform gill-rakers. 



Trachyi'hynchtis trachyrhynchus (PI. XLI. fig. C). 



Lepidolepnis trachyrhynchus, Risso, Iclitb. Nice, p. 197, pi. vii. fig. 21. 



„ ,, Canestr., Arch, per la Zool., 1864, p. 371, pi. xii. fig. 2. 



„ „ Yinciguerra, Aim. Mus. Genov,, vol. xiv. p. 617; vol. .wiii. 



p. 564. 



D. 10-11. P. 20-21. V. 7. 



Snout not quite twice as long as the eye, the horizontal diameter of which is much 

 greater than the vertical, about one-fourth of the length of the head, and equal to the width 

 of the interorbital space above the centre of the orbit. Scales very rough, each with three 

 or four acute and prominent spines ; four series between the first dorsal fin and the lateral 

 line; the crests of many of the enlarged dorsal scales arc coarsely denticulated. The 

 entire abdomen covered with scales. Distance of vent from the isthmus equal to that of 

 tlic liind margin of the eye from the extremity of the snout. Barbel very small. Ventrals 

 small, inserted in front of the pectoral fin, with the outer ray produced into a short filament. 

 Anterior branchial arch with twenty-two very short, styliform gill-rakers. 



