ad. THE ENGLISH VOYAGES 



1553- 



like sort served with bread from the Emperour, as the 



rest of the ghests. Last of all, dinner being ended, and 

 candles brought in, (for by this time night was come) 

 the Emperour calleth all his ghests and Noble men by 

 their names, in such sort, that it seemes miraculous, 

 that a Prince, otherwise occupied in great matters of 

 estate, should so well remember so many and sundry 

 particular names. The Russes tolde our men, that 

 the reason thereof, as also of the bestowing of bread 

 in that maner, was to the ende that the Emperour 

 might keepe the knowledge of his owne houshold : 

 and withal, that such as are under his displeasure, 

 might by this meanes be knowen. 



Of the discipline of warre among the Russes. 



WHensoever the injures of their neighbours doe 

 call the King foorth to battell, hee never armeth 

 a lesse number against the enemie, then 300. thousand 

 soldiers, 100. thousand whereof hee carieth out into the 

 field with him, and leaveth the rest in garison in some fit 

 places, for the better safetie of his Empire. He presseth 

 no husbandman, nor Marchant : for the Countrey is so 

 populous, that these being left at home, the youth of the 

 Realme is sufficient for all his wars. As many as goe out 

 to warfare doe provide all things of their owne cost : 

 they fight not on foote, but altogether on horsebacke : 

 their armour is a coate of maile, & a helmet : the coate 

 of maile w l out is gilded, or els adorned with silke, 

 although it pertaine to a common soldier : they have a 

 great pride in shewing their wealth : they use bowes, and 

 arrowes, as the Turks do : they cary lances also into the 

 field. They ride with a short stirrop, after the maner of 

 the Turks : They are a kinde of people most sparing in 

 diet, and most patient in extremitie of cold, above all 

 others. For when the ground is covered with snowe, 

 and is growen terrible and hard with the frost, this Russe 

 hangs up his mantle, or souldiers coate, against that part 

 from whence the winde and Snowe drives, and so making 



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