THE SPONGES OF THE WEST-CENTRAL PACIFIC 55 



Spongilla, Lamarck, 1815, page 69, which antedates Nardo's 1833 paper. 

 Thus, the genus Rayneria, type Spongilla lacustris, Linne, 1759, page 1348, 

 falls in synonymy to Spongilla. 



The second name involved is Haliclona Grant, which already has been 

 discussed. 



The third name involved is Reniera, Nardo, 1833, pages 430-436. Of it, 

 Nardo says, "II tipo del genere, o Reniera typica, che termina per lo piu in 

 ammassi tubulari, s'incontra pure frequenti." In the writings of Oscar 

 Schmidt, starting in 1862, the genus Reniera began to be much used for 

 sponges of the Haliclona sort and for other types, too. One gets the impres- 

 sion that Schmidt thought that Reniera was equivalent to Rayneria, although 

 I cannot find that he ever said so definitely. 



Nardo cherished the belief that he could change the names of his genera, 

 but the rules of nomenclature positively do not permit this. Nardo certainly 

 tried to change Ircinia to Hircinia, but the earlier name must stand. Was 

 Reniera just a new spelling of Rayneria? Does it therefore fall into 

 synonymy to the earlier name? We cannot take that for granted. Nardo 

 gives a new, albeit very brief, description of Reniera and does give it a 

 species. Therefore, I propose that we definitely regard it as a new genus in 

 1844, not at all synonymous with Rayneria. 



Reniera typica is ill known, and no one species in existing collections 

 can be positively so identified. Yet, it is clear that it was a tubular sponge. 

 When, as in Reniera aquae ductus , Schmidt 1862, we have the genus em- 

 ployed for tubular sponges, the usage may be defended. Actually, Schmidt 

 said of his aquaeductus "an dies unser typisches exemplar" and regarded it 

 as the genotype. 



The fourth name involved is Chalina, Bowerbank, 1862, page 1120. This 

 was established for oculata, which was already the type of Haliclona. Hence, 

 Chalina is obviously a junior synonym. 



Still later synonyms -of Haliclona include Cavochalina Carter, Chal- 

 inorhaphis Lendenfeld, Chalinula Schmidt, Euchalina Lendenfeld, Euchalin- 

 opsis Lendenfeld, Pachy chalina Schmidt, P achy chalinop sis Schmidt, Reni- 

 ochalina Lendenfeld, and perhaps others that are not well described. 



Here we may treat as genus Haliclona subgenus Haliclona, sponges of 

 ramose form and somewhat fibrous structure. 



Haliclona monilata (Ridley) de Laubenfels 



Text Figure No. 31 



This species is here represented by the following : 

 U.S.N.M. No. 22904, My No. M. 208, collected August 13, 1949, by diver 

 in Lemotol Bay at the western portion of Truk lagoon. The depth was 

 4 meters, and the substrate was dead coral. 



