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THE FARMER'S MAGAZINE. 



raents, and circulating f^ratuitously lists of proper- 

 ties for sale, and farms to be let in Ireland, and 

 opened an office in Dublin, in connexion with his 

 Edinburgh establishment. A number of proper- 

 ties had been bought by him for English and 

 Scotch gentlemen ; and a great many Scotch and 

 English farmers had taken farms, through his 

 agency, in most parts of Ireland. About 900 

 Scotchmen and Englishmen had come, through his 

 offices, to Ireland, in one year, to look for land. 

 Many of these were accompanied by friends ; and, 

 whether they took farms or not, all returned im- 

 pressed with the fertility of the soil, the mildness 

 of the climate, and the low scale at which they 

 could lease land. There were, however, anterior to 

 this period, a number of first-rate Scotch and Eng- 

 lish farmers, agents, and agriculturists settled in 

 Ireland — men of great intelligence and ability, who 

 had done much to improve the country ; and it was 

 gratifying to him to acknowledge the interest they 

 had taken in his operations. It was, however, 

 since the famine years that the great influx of 

 Scotch farmers had taken place. The Irish land- 

 lords, as a body, had given them every encourage- 

 ment. One great desire of Scotch farmers, in ad- 

 dition to getlnig good land, was to be near to Scotch 

 churches, where they might attend the worship of 

 God as in their own happy country, and to be in 

 the vicinity of good schools for their children. Mr. 

 Miller exhibited maps of Ireland, showing the lo- 

 calities in which native-born Scotchmen and 

 Englishmen are settled in Ireland, as proprietors, 

 agents, farmers, or head stewards, and which were 

 prepared from personal inquiry, and correspond- 

 ence with upwards of 700 Scotchmen and English- 

 m.en settled agriculturally in every county in Ire- 

 land. 



The number of Scotchmen and Englishmen 



so settled, appears to be 756 



Of whom there are — 



Natives of Scotland .... 660 

 Natives of England .... 96 



Showing that there are seven Scotchmen engaged 

 in agricultural pursuits, in Ireland, to one English- 

 man. He stated th^t he was personally khown to 

 most of them, and in correspondence with nearly 

 all of them. Most of the English and Scotch 

 farmers had brought over one or more experienced 

 farm-servants; and, as most of these and their 

 masters were married, and had families, the num- 

 ber of Scotch and English agriculturists and their 

 families must amount to about four thousand 

 persons. There isj a constant correspondence and 

 intercourse going on between Scotchmen in Ire- 

 land and their friends in Scotland ; and there had 

 been spread through the length and breadth of 

 Scotland a tliorough knowledge of Ireland ; and 



very favourable was the Scotch opinion of Ireland 

 and its people. Scotch farmers had unhesi- 

 tatingly placed themselves on every part of the 

 Irish soil; and their number was daily increasing. 

 He stated that it could not but attract attention, 

 that there was only one English farmer to seven 

 Scotch ones ; but this undoubtedly arose from pre- 

 judice and the want of correct information in Eng- 

 land. Believing that the best way of bringing the 

 state of Ireland before Englishmen and Scotchmen 

 was to have the opinions of their countrymen who 

 resided in Ireland, he sent out a circular to their 

 countrymen who had settled agriculturally in Ire- 

 land, asking them to furnish him, among other 

 matters, \vith the result of their personal experience 

 of the chmate, soil, capabihties of the land, crops, 

 stock, and to state how they liked the country and 

 general behaviour of the people to them. To this 

 circular he had received about 170 replies, all of 

 which, with the exception of eight or nine, were 

 most favourable to the country, the peasantry, and 

 the general demeanour of the people; and from 

 this information, his own inquiries, and personal 

 experience and observations during many journeys 

 through nearly every part of the kingdom, this 

 paper had been drawn up, and is thus furnished 

 entirely by Englishmen and Scotchmen, and there- 

 fore ought to be thoroughly credited in England, 

 Few Scotch or English farmers have settled in 

 Ulster, the principal reason of which is the Ulster 

 tenant-right, which is repugnant to all their pre- 

 vious experience. Farms in Ulster are generally 

 let at a fair rent, but it is next to an impossibility 

 for any new party to get a farm without paying the 

 out-going tenant an enormous sum for his so-called 

 right. On an average, tenant-right is generally 

 sold for £10 to £15 per acre. The right to a farm 

 of 50 acres is sold, say for £500, which is paid by 

 the new tenant to the outgoing one, who thus puts 

 that sum in his pocket, while the new one enters 

 into the farm with £500 less capital than he other- 

 wise would have had, and often thus goes in a poor 

 man, having spent in the purchase of his tenant- 

 right the money which should have stocked and 

 carried on the business of the farm, while the out- 

 going tenant is comparatively rich. There are some 

 excellent Scotch agriculturists in Ulster superin- 

 tending the improvements on the estates of some of 

 the nobility and gentry. In the province of Con- 

 naught there are many Scotchmen, especially about 

 Sligo, Ballina, Newport, Westport, Hollymount, 

 Tuam, and Ballinasloe. Some of them have pur- 

 chased lands, and many more not only farm largely, 

 but are hard-working practical farmers. Foremost 

 of all, as proprietor and improver, stands Mr. Allan 

 PoUok, the extent of whose purchases in the county 

 of Galway are unrivalled, while the improvements 



