6G 



No positive explauation is oftered for this difference, but it is sug- 

 gested that the exercise iuvolved in grazing over a comparatively large 

 pasture during the heat of the day, or both the exercise and the heat 

 together, may tend to diminish the richness of the milk secreted during 

 the day. 



Frequency of milking. — The effect during a very short time of very 

 frequent milking was observed with two cows, which were milked every 

 hour — one, a Shorthorn, for twenty-four hours; the other, a Jersey, for 

 seventy-two hours. 



"At the time of the commencement of the experiment the Shorthorn 

 cow was giving 14.25 pounds of milk daily, in which there was 3.89 per 

 cent of fat, or 0.554 pounds of actual fat daily. In twenty-four hours of 

 hourly milking she produced 16.25 pounds of milk, in which was 5.27 

 per cent of fat, or of total fat 0.856 pounds ; an increase of 54.5 per 

 cent in the total fat in twenty-four hours. 



"The Jersey produced, previous to the experiment, 10.07 pounds, in 

 which was 6.02 per cent of fat, or 0.606 pounds. The test was for 

 seventy-two hours, and I will divide it into three daily periods : 



Amount 

 of milk. 



Fat. 



Absolute 



fat ! 

 per day. I 



Gain of 

 total fat. 



First day... 

 Second day. 

 Third day . . 



Total . 



Average . 



Pounds. 

 10.5 

 10.6 

 10.9 



32.0 



10.6 



Per cent. Pounds. 



7. 05 . 743 



5.94 I .030 



5. 74: . 620 



18.73 

 B.24 



19.99 

 .666 



Per cent. 

 2-JJ 

 4 



33 



It is noticeable that in the case in which the experiment was contin- 

 ued three days the gain in the i)ercentage of fat was confined to the 

 first day, and that the gain in total fat was largest the first day, and very 

 little the second and third days. 



First milking vs. strippings. — In illustration of the well-known fact 

 that the last portion of a milking is richer than the first, a case is cited 

 in which the first 4 ounces of milk drawn from a Shorthorn cow yielded 

 1.36 per cent of fat, and the last 4 ounces 8.04 per cent. 



Fffect of food upon percentages of icafer and fat in milk. — Pasture grass 

 vs. dry fodder. — Silage. — "Does watery food make watery milk"? " In 

 the case of a whole herd, numbering about 20 cows, going from barn 

 feed to pasture grass in May (kind and amount of dry feed, lengths of 

 periods of dry feeding and pasture feeding, on which estimates are 

 made, total and daily yields and composition of milk not stated), the 

 yield of milk increased with change to pasture feed, while the amount 

 necessary to produce a pound of butter decreased by 1.5 pounds, indi- 

 cating that* with the succulent food there was more and richer milk. 

 The changes in the quantity and quality of milk in the case of two 



