IGl 



Texas fever in Kortberu cattle ; (2) that the germs of Texas fever are 

 to be fouud in all Southern cattle coming from infectious grounds, and 

 even in unborn calves ; (3) that the average period of incubation in cat- 

 tle exposed to the germs brought by Southern stock is about thirty 

 days; (4) that cattle exposed to either manure or urine from Southern 

 stock may contract Texas fever, and that inoculation from the pulp of 

 the liver or spleen of such subjects may produce it; (5) that the germs 

 must be taken into the body by the mouth or by inoculation, and that 

 the disease is noc conveyed by the breath of infected individuals; (0) 

 that protective inoculation may render Northern cattle more capable of 

 resisting the action of the Texas fever germ ; (7) that sulphurated water 

 is i)robably favorable to the modification or destruction of the germ of 

 Texas fever. 



Sj^ecial experiments were tried to test the value of protective inocu- 

 lation. Shipments of cattle, some of which were inoculated and others 

 not, were made from Columbia, Missouri, to College Station, Texas, and 

 to Helena, Arkansas. In the former case the total death rate among the 

 inoculated stock was 20 per cent, while among stock not so protected 

 it was 75 per cent; in the latter case the death rates were 75 per 

 cent and lOU i^er cent, respectively. Protective inoculation was also 

 successfully practiced upon a herd of native Missouri cattle that had 

 been exposed to fever, and upon six native heifers at the Kansas City 

 stock yards, which were afterwards exjiosed in the quarantine pens 

 of these yards. In another instance where several herds of thorough- 

 bred cattle were inoculated with the artificial virus and transported 

 into the Indian Territory and Texas, this treatment proved an almost 

 corai)lete protection against the fever. 



Regarding the germ of Texas fever the author concludes that it is 

 susceptible of many changes during its vegetation, that the spherical, 

 ovoid, and other forms which several observers have seen, represent 

 different periods in the life cycle of the parasite, and that the microbe 

 passes only a part of its existence in the animal body, and completes it 

 in the outer world. The artificial cultivation of the germ is said to have 

 presented many difficulties, but was at last successfully accomplished. 

 It grew best in a mixture of artificial lymph and liver broth, and pure 

 cultures were obtained from the liver, spleen, kidneys, etc., of infec- 

 tious Southern cattle. 



The germ was found in ticks bloated with the blood of infectious 

 Southern cattle, and these ticks are supposed to be one of the media 

 through which the germ is disseminated. The fact that Southern cat- 

 tle transport the disease while they themselves remain free from its 

 attacks is exjjlained on the ground that they have been inoculated 

 before birth. That affected natives do not readily give the disease to 

 other natives is ascribed to the nature of the germs and to peculiar 

 climatic conditions. When brought North in the bodies of Southern 

 cattle and deposited with the manure and urine on pastures, the germs 



