405 



do not clearly show tlio intlucnco of a higher or lower temperature of the water added. 

 The more rapid rising of the cream \s an advantage, and the dilution and consequent 

 lessened value of the skim-milk is a disadvantage of the dilution method. There is a 

 j)088il)ility of being easily misled as to the gain from diluting the milk. The cream 

 not only rises more quickly, but is thinner; that is, contains less fat in a given vol- 

 ume than when no water is added, while the diluted skim-milk will look bluer, and 

 chenncal analysis will, of course, show a less percentage of fat in it because of the 

 added water. 



TuE Hessian fey, S. A. Forbes, Ph. D. (pi). 377-380, illustrated).— 

 In view of the very general occurrence of the Hessian fly in 1890, in 

 destructive numbers in parts of Central Illinois, an account of the life 

 history of this insect is given in this bulletin and illustrated in a plate 

 accomi)anying thfe article. Breeding experiments at the station have 

 shown " that there may be even four generations which attack the wheat 

 with destructive effect, two in spring and two in autumn. The i)rin- 

 cipal injuries, however, are done by the last autumnal and the first 

 spring generations." 



Experiments by the author " to test the possibility that the Hessian 

 fly will breed in wild and meadow-grasses have thus far yielded nega- 

 tive results." The article also contains a summary of the most impor- 

 tant general preventive and remedial measures. 



Canada thistles, their extermination, T. J. Burrit l, Ph. D. 

 (pp. 379-387). — In Illinois a law against the Canada thistle has been in 

 force since February 28, 1807. In its j) resent form the law provides 

 that " any board of town auditors or commissioners in counties not 

 under township organization, any city council or trustees of villages, 

 njay appoint a ' commissioner of Canada thistles,' who, when ai^pointed, 

 is clothed with proper authority and required to attend to the thorough 

 eradication of every plant of this noxious weed. Prosecutions may be 

 made and flues imposed upon any one neglecting the requirements of, 

 or refusing to obey, the law. The only other weed against which the 

 laws of our State are directed is that known as the cocklebur — act in 

 force July 1, 1879, and applying only to highways." One peculiarity 

 of the thistle in Illinois, Ohio, and Indiana is that it rarely produces 

 seed. The plant is described and accounts are given of exi)eriments in 

 exterminating it on a farm near Mattoon, Illinois, and on a small area 

 on the campus of the University of Illinois. 



Kentucky Station, Bulletin No. 31, December, 1890 (pp. 27). 



Some strawberry pests, H. Garman (illustrated).— This includes 

 notes on the strawberry leaf blight {Ramularia tulastiei, Sacc), with an 

 account of experiments with fungicides ; and briefer notes on the straw- 

 berry leaf- roller {Phoxopteris coinptana, Frohl.), strawberry crown borer 

 ( Ti/loderma fraparia\ Riley), strawberry false worm [Emphijtus macula tns, 

 Norton), white grubs, June bug {Allorhina nitUla, Iiinn.), strawberry 

 root worms [Faria canella, Fab., Graphops iwbulosiis, Lee, and Colas- 



