447 



(5) It took, in 1880, ISA poiinn:; of solid food for a pound of milk on cold ^yatc^, 

 and on warm, 1.44 pounds. In 1890 tho amounts stood, 1.41 pounds ou cold and 1.39 

 pounds on warm water. 



(G) An increase in the amount of water drank was both years associated with an 

 increase in the amount of milk produced, and this was true Avhether tho water was 

 ■warm or cold. 



(7) Both experiments are in accord in showing that an increase in tho amount of 

 water drank when the temperature remains the same is associated with an increase 

 in the amount of water in the milk, but with only a very small increase in the total 

 solids. 



(8) An increase in tho tomporaturo of the water drank rather than an increase in 

 the quantity of it, was both years associated with a relatively much larger increase 

 in total solids produced. 



(9) There was both years a daily fluctuation in the percentage of water in the milk 

 associated with a fluctuation in the amount of water drank, the w^ater in the milk 

 being greatest following the days when most water was drank. 



(10) In 1889 five cows showed a strong preference for water at 70° over that at 32°, 

 but one cow showed an even stronger liking for the iced water; in 1890 there was no 

 exception to the general preference for warm water. 



(11) With but one exception the cows in 1889, while they ate less and drank less 

 during the cold-water periods, weighed more at their close, and with but three excep- 

 tions they weighed less at the close of the warm-water periods. In 1890 no such rela- 

 tion occurred, but the cows, without exception, weighed more on the average while 

 ou warm water. 



(12) In 1890, when the intervals between the two milkings were equal in length, 

 all the cows gave both richer milk and a larger quantity of it in the morning. 



(13) There was a mean shrinkage in the milk flow per cow during the experiment 

 in 1889 of 9.56 per cent, and in 1890 of 5.55 per cent, or a mean for the eleven cows in 

 round numbers of 7 per cent, while the normal herd shrinkage, as determined by the 

 Dairy Association of Great Britain, would place it at 12 percent, and as given by Dr. 

 Sturtevant a little higher. In view of this and other facts it does not seem impos- 

 sible that simply shifting the cows alternately from warm to cold water maj- have 

 some eftect in lengthening the period of lactation. 



(14) With butter at 20 cents per pound, skim-milk at 25 cents per cwt., corn fod- 

 der at $5 per ton, and a cost of $15 for warming water 120 days for forty cows, the 

 result shows a profit of $26.40 in 1889, and a loss of $5.98 in 1890, leaving as an aver- 

 age for the two years $10.21 on a herd of forty cows. 



(15) The smaller difference between the yields of fat on warm and on cold water 

 in 1890 can not be attributed to a warmer winter, for the mean temperature of the 

 months of January, February, and March, 1889, was 24.6° Fah., and for the corre- 

 sponding period of 1890 it was 24.7^^ Fah., and both sets of cows were sheltered in the 

 same barn. 



Plan of a baen for a dairy farm, F. H. King (pp. 183-192, 

 illustrated). — A description of a cylindrical barn (92 feet in diameter) 

 built in 1889 on a farm near Whitewater, Wisconsin, after plans prepared 

 by the author. A cylindrical silo occupies the center of the structure, 

 and around the silo are accommodations for ninety-eight cows. It is 

 claimed that where a large barn is desired the cylindrical form is econ- 

 omical as regards both cost of construction and the expense of caring 

 for the animals. 



The construction of the barn is described in detail, and the advan- 

 tages of the plan as regards effective ventilation, control of tempera- 



