651 



Apple seal) (pp. 182-184). — This incliules abstracts of reports of Pro- 

 fessors Taft and Golf on experiments with fungicides for apple scab 

 {Fiisicladimn clendrificum) in Michigan and Wisconsin (See Bulletin No. 

 11, ISeclion of Vegetable Pathology, U. S. Department of Agriculture, 

 pp. 22-38), and is illustrated with a coi)y of a plate from the Report of 

 the U. S. Department of Agriculture for 1887. 



Wecda (pp. 185-187). — Notes on false tlax or gold of pleasure {Came- 

 Una sattvrt), and ribgrass or English plantain {PUmtiujo lanceolata, L.). 



jMisceJhtneons insects (pj). 188, 189). — Brief notes on the forest tent 

 caterpillar, codling moth, fall canker-worm, white-marked tussock moth, 

 and May-beetle. 



Apple ma() got (pp. 190-241, illustrated). — A detailed report of studies 

 by the author on the apple maggot {Trypeta pomoncUa, Walsli). Tiie 

 article includes a bibliograi)hy of this insect, its history and distribu- 

 tion, an account of the work of the author on the maggot in 1888-89, 

 a tabulated record of observations in 1888, a discussion of the author's 

 observations, a list of varieties of apples known to be afiected by the 

 maggot, notes on the spread of the maggot from one variety to another, a 

 technical description of the insect in its various stages, an account of 

 its life history, a discussion of remedies, and critical remarks on the 

 anatomy and liCe history of the maggot. The illustrations consist of 4 

 plates containing 20 figures, a number of which are from original draw- 

 ings. Some of the most interesting results of these investigations are 

 given below. 



The author discovered and observed the eggs of the maggot in the 

 a])ple and also in the ovary of the insect. The eggs and ovipositor 

 are described as follows : 



AV/fls.— Lenjt;tli, 0.8 to 0.9 iiiiii. (0.032 to 0.0.36 inch); breadth, 0.2 to 0.25 miu. (0.003 

 to 0.009 inch) ; wliito in the oviducts, but liyht yellow when taken from the fruit ; 

 fii.siforni and about four times as long as wide; pedicellate at the end ; pedicel about 

 one twentieth of the length of the egg, longer than broad, and roundcid at the end; 

 ])odic('llate end broadest and abruptly sloping into the pedicel, other end more sloping 

 The shell of the egg at the pedicellate end, for one fourth of the length, is pitted with 

 irregular, hexagonal cells, the borders of which are raised and lacerated, giving a 

 roughened or spinose appearance to the surface; sculpture most prominent near the 

 j)edicel and gradually lost in the general surface, which is smooth ; thespiuose por- 

 tion is darker. The larva is i)laced in the egg with the head away from the pedicel 

 and the end containing the head is inserted into the apple. Ovaries double and sac- 

 cate, occupying most of the abdominal cavity, each side containing twenty-four chains 

 of eggs, each chain at lea.st seven eggs in different stages of development. Perfect 

 eggs and stages of development are shown in one of the jdates accompanying the 

 article. » » * 



Ori>o«i7or.— Length, l.:5:3 mm. (0.0.'>:3 inch); breadth, 0.33 nnn. (0.0133 inch) at the 

 middle, where it enters the sheath, broadest at the ba.se, tapering where it leaves the 

 sheath to a sharp point somewhat curved (usually upward) at the end; brownish; 

 hornlike; bearing a median groove below, which is covered by two (laps which 

 extend half way from the sheath to the point. These flaps are covered by a shorter 

 median one. From beneath the flaps the eggs escape. In specimens mounted in 

 balsam the oviduct and ovipo.'jitor show within the sheath to its base. <• » • 



