THE FLORAL WORLD AND GARDEN GUIDE. 



47 



their exit by the small holes which they 

 formed when they first issued from the 

 eggs. I think I can clear up this mystery. 

 In order that it may turn with facility, 

 the grub either makes a transverse burrow 

 below the top of the vertical one, by 

 which means it can, by a retrograde pro- 

 cess, turn its tail up the vertical tube and 

 its head downwards ; or it cuts the verti- 

 cal burrow twice or three times the width 

 of its own body, by which it can turn 

 with facility. I have specimens of both 

 contrivances. Its objects in turning are, 

 probably, to enlarge the orifice in propor- 

 tion as its bulk increases ; secondly, to 

 keep it clear of sawdust, etc. ; and, lastly, 

 that its head may point downwards before 

 it assumes the pupa state, as it would be 

 impossible for it to make its exit back- 

 wards. 



In order to preserve the grub which 

 I recently found, I bored a fresh hole in 

 the peai'-tree with a gimlet, and put him 

 in it, but it was not cut quite to his liking, 



although plenty large enough, so he thrust 

 his body out again, and set to work with 

 his own admirable apparatus, and soon 

 made it as smooth as a flute ; and there I 

 expect he will soon assume the pupa state. 



As this is a very destructive insect to 

 the pear, apple, horse-chestnut, and several 

 other trees, it ought to be carefully searched 

 out and destroyed, by thrust iug a wire up 

 its burrow until one ascertains that it has 

 been punctured, by its internal fluids stick- 

 ing to the wire. 



The only natural means I know of sub- 

 duing this pest and its ally, the goat moth 

 so destructive to young oaks in the larva 

 state, is the green woodpecker, which I 

 believe to be attracted to the infested trees 

 by the strong scent with which the grubs 

 are endued ; yet such are the perverseness 

 and ignorance of many persons, that this 

 beautiful and most useful bird is shot 

 down, frequently with no other motive 

 than to be nailed up at the end of a barn 

 — Pomological Society's Journal. 



CHIMONANTHUS EEAGEANS. 



In the shrubbery, almost the only orna- 

 mental trees in flower during February 

 and March are theCliimonauthus fragrans, 

 or winter flower, which produces its de- 

 lightfully fragrant flowers from December 

 to March, though they are in the greatest 

 perfection about February, and the Loni- 

 cera fragrantissma, or spring-flowering 

 honeysuckle, the blossoms of which are 

 delightful in a bouquet with violets and 

 lily of the valley. This very interesting 

 plant (the Chimonanthus) was introduced 

 so long ago as 1776 ; but, as it was at 

 first supposed that it would not' live 

 without protection, and as it will not 

 flower till it is of a considerable size, it 

 was very little grown. At last it struck 

 some cultivator that, as it was a native of 

 Japan, it might very possibly live in the 

 open air, as many plants from that coun- 

 try are found to do in England ; and it is 



now found to grow freely in the open gar- 

 dens in the neighbourhood of London, 

 and to produce abundance of flowers, par- 

 ticularly if trained against a wall. The 

 flowers are yellowish, with a purple mark 

 at the bottom of each petal, and they ap- 

 pear before the leaves, which are of a 

 smooth shining light green. There are 

 two varieties : the first, which is common, 

 has the flowers much larger and hand- 

 somer than those of the species, but not 

 quite so fragrant ; and the other, which is 

 very rare, has the flowers much smaller, 

 and entirely yellow. In China and Japan 

 it is said that at great banquets pieces of 

 the Chimonanthus are laid by every plate. 

 Plants of this shrub may be procured in 

 most of the nurseries, where it is known 

 best under its old name of Calycauthus 

 praecox. 



WATEEPBOOE GAEMENTS.— CLIMATE OF GEEENOCK. 



I SEND the annexed recipe, thinking it 

 may prove useful to some of your readers, 

 and especially to those among them who 

 are much exposed to the weather. I may 

 mention that I have had both coat and 

 trowsers done with it, and never found it 

 let in wet even iu the most unfavourable 

 circumstances. 



" Waterproofing. — The subjoined re- 

 cipe for waterproofing cloth, without in 

 the least degree making it impervious to 

 the air, is taken from an old ' Mechanics' 

 Magazine.' If the manufacturers could 

 be induced to apply the solution while the 

 cloth is iu the web, it would be much bet- 

 ter done, and any cloth would be easily 



