226 j^gncufttiyal Iniellige^icek May 



money is augmented by adding compound to fimple intereft. Be- 

 fides, the grain reaches maturity at a period when the full ad- 

 vantages of a liot fun are gained ; and this increafes the faccha- 

 rine fubftance which produces ale and fpirits. To our farming 

 readers, wlio, profellionally, mull be acquainted with the im- 

 menfe benefits attending an early harveft, an apology is due, on 

 account of this llatement ; but fomctliing of the kind appeared 

 necelPary, as the ground-work of our after arguments. 



Having thus Ihown that Kngllih barley, from phyfical circum^ 

 Aanccs, is fuperior to Scotilh barley, we come next to afcertain 

 the extent of that fuperiority, or, in other words, to (late the na- 

 tural difference of value betwixt the barley of both, countries. 



The quantity of proof fplrits that can be drawn from a Lin- 

 litligow boll, of the average of Scotifh barley, does not exceed 

 eleven gallons, whereas the ufuai qualities imported from Eng- 

 land (and thefe are below the average of Englifli produce) will 

 yield thirteen and three fourths gallons, and in fome cafes above 

 fourteen gallons, making a balance of two gallons and three fourths 

 at leaft in favour of the latter. ^This, in fa6l, conflitutes the iia- 

 tural difference betwixt the barley of both countries *, and, if no 

 duties were impofed upon the manufacture, would be equal to 

 twenty-five per cent, or thereby of the original value. This dif- 

 ference is, however, ariific'ially increafed, by the impofition of 

 heavy duties upon the article in the different ftages of manufa6ture j 

 hence the fourth of a gallon of extra quantity may become as im- 

 portant an object to the trader, under exifling circumflances, as a 

 whole gallon would have been, had thefe circumflances not ex- 

 ifted. 



In the year 1787, a fair and correct experiment was made be- 

 twixt a quantity of Norfolk barley and the like quantity of bar- 

 ley produced in one of the moll fertile and befl cultivated Scotifh 

 counties. The barleys were both malted by the fame perfon, 

 and that of Scotifh growth weighed about 3 lib. per boll more 

 than the Norfolk, yet the latter yielded two gallons of more fpl- 

 rits, which, at prcfent value, is equal to all the malt duties put 

 together. The like difference would have happened, had thefe 

 barleys been brewed ; nay, more, the quality and flavour of the 

 ale would have ditlered as much. In brewing and diflilling, it is 

 the quantity of faccharine matter contained in the grain that fur- 

 nlfhes a criterion for afcertalning its comparative value ; but thefe 

 things are now fo well underilood, that it affurcdly would be fu- 

 pcrfluous to enlarge on them. 



We fliall now proceed to the fecond point mentioned, viz. the 

 artificial difference betwixt Scotifli and Englifh barleys ; and here 

 we particularly requefl the attention of our readers. 



We 



