J26 Review of the Agricultural Survey Aifg.' 



ply calcareous matter to the water. Or is it a procefs of tranf- 

 mutation of fome diflimilar fubftance, effected by the animal 

 powers of the fnail ? — But ftones are found, without an animal 

 adhering to them, and yet enveloped with gelatinous or crufla- 

 ceous matter, fimilar to the fh^ll of the animal in its various ftages 

 of formation and growth. Is the compofing matter of the fhell,- 

 then, formed in the water^ in readinefs to attach itfclf, indifcri- 

 minately, either to the body of the animal or to the ftones ? or 

 is what is attached to the ftones to be confidered as a fuperplus 

 formed by animal acSlion, above what is neceirary to the encrufta- 

 tion of the animal ? 



Roxburgh. 



This Border county contains 430,080 acres Englifli -y of which 

 three fifths, or 288,098 is flieep pafture ; and two fifths, or 

 172,032 are arable. Some hills, in the mountainous parts, ex- 

 tend to 2000 feet above fea level ; the loweft of the arable exceeds 

 not 90 feet of elevation. Harveft, in the loweft parts, has been 

 known to commence in the end of July, though feldom general 

 till the middle of Auguft. About two thirds of the arable land 

 is of light dry foil ; the other third of heavy clay, of which a 

 confiderable part is cold, wet, fiiallow, and unfertile. The dry 

 light foil is generally found in the vallies, along the beds of the 

 rivers and rivulets ; the heavy is found in a higher elevation. 

 Moft of the pafture hnd is green, and only a very fm.all propor- 

 tion covered with heath. 



The real rent of Roxburgh (eftimating the pafture at 3s. per 

 acre, and the arable at 15s.) is rated at 171,9411. 



Sheep are the ftaple produce of this county, as well a-s of Sel- 

 kirk. From a medium calculation of the flieep pafture (at the 

 rate of allotment of from i^ to 17 acres to one fheep), the 

 quantity of fheep kept are eftimated at 200,000 ; the difpofable 

 produce of which, for foreign or home confumption> are efii- 

 mated at 56,000 old llieep, and 14,000 lambs, and 25,0:^0 ftones 

 of wool. 



There are five or fix fmall flocks of the DiOiley breed, kept in 

 rich inclofures, in the arable diftiict. But the kind generally 

 prevalent is the Cheviot breed : thefe, 40 years ago, would ap- 

 pear to have been improved by an importation of rams from Lin- 

 colnfhire, before the breed of that county had degenerated. Va- 

 rious croifes of the native breed arc attempted, to improve, ftill 

 farther, the native finenefs of their wool, and to remedy their 

 defe£l of fiiape, the low and thin fore-quarters : this is attempt- 

 ed by rams of the South-Down or Hereford breeds, or thofe 

 with a dafii of Spanifh blood in them. 



