DISTRIBUTION OF RHAMNUS IN AMERICA. 83 



Hyphae caespitose, short, 30-40x8/^, obscurely septate, 

 simple, each bearing a chain of 3-6 truncate-fusoid conidia 

 40-50x8-9 yu, 6-8 septate, dark brown, almost opaque. The 

 hyphae which arise in spreading tufts directly from the ma- 

 trix, are hardly distinguishable from the conidia. 



Cladosporium subsessile. On living leaves of Populus 

 monilifera. Sept. 18, 1894 (No. 1576). 



This species was issued in North American Fungi, No. 

 3288, and described in Erythea, IV, 27, as C. brevipes, Ell. & 

 Barth., but as there is already a C. brevipes, Peck, necessity 

 requires the present rechristening of our species. 



DISTEIBUTION OF RHAMNUS IN AMERICA.— I. 



By Edward L. Greene. 



The type of the genus Rhamnus is a shrub or small tree of 

 middle and southern Europe of considerable economic value, 

 treated of under that name by the Greek botanists of antiquity, 

 first designated Rhamnns catharticus by Bauhin as long ago 

 as 1623, and now everywhere received under that binary 

 name. 



An aperient syrup prepared from the berries of this bush was 

 in use from time immemorial down to at least the beginning 

 of the present century by all medical practitioners; though in 

 recent years it has been to a great extent replaced by less 

 drastic purgatives. It was said, that even the flesh of birds^ 

 that had fed upon the berries produced* to some degree the 

 same effects. The juice of the uuripe berries is of a deep 

 yellow^ and is used in staining papers. They are sold in Eng- 

 land under the name of French Berries. The juice of the ripe 

 berries, treated with alum^is the beautiful scq^ green of the 

 painters. The bark affords a well known and much used 

 yellow dye; and the unripe berries dye wool green. Char- 



