170 ERYTHEA. 



Howard Street, where they formed a very abrupt boundary 

 between sand and bog. 



The deep, boggy branch that crossed Mission Street, where 

 the swamp formed a valley encircled by deep downs, was 

 the seat of a peculiar, now almost extinct Flora, at least as 

 regards the neighborhood of San Francisco. This locality 

 was the only one inhabited by the now extinct Arenaria 

 palustris, which grew there in company with Bidens 

 chrysanthemoides, Cicuta Califoriiica, CEnaiithe Californica, 

 Hydrocotyle, Nuphar 2^olysepalum, Typha latifolia. 



An arm of this swamp, then inaccessible, even to cows, 

 followed the side of Howard Street, down, bordering the flat 

 as far as what is now Fifth Street, where it became 

 overgrown by arborescent vegetation and ended in a thicket 

 of Myrica Californica^ Ceanoihus thyi'sifloriis, Garrya 

 elUptica, Salix, Woodwa^'dia radicans, Asplenium Filix- 

 foemina, Aspidiiim aculeatum and Aspidinm munitum, the 

 latter with almost arborescent trunk. 



As a curiosity, we have to mention several shrubby 

 specimens of Cornus Nuttallii, now entirely extinct in this 

 region, its nearest habitat being Bolinas Ridge in Marin 

 County, and even there it is not common. 



There were several valleys beyond the steep ridge which 

 bordered the swamp towards the West. Their chief 

 direction was parallel to the ridge and they were dry and 

 grassy. Their vegetation was about the same' as that found 

 now on spots where it has been protected in the cemeteries 

 and Golden Gate Park. 



It was in this region where a few specimens of Boirychium 

 ternatiim grew, a plant of the Sierras, now entirely extinct 

 in oar vicinity. The chief difference between the vegetation 

 of this region and that of the sand downs and vales, similar 

 to those now protected by the enclosure of Golden Gate Park 

 was the great abundance of annuals, most of them strictly 

 vernal. I recollect chiefly the different species of Eryihrcea, 

 then frequently collected and much thought of by the old 

 inhabitants, who used all the species, under the name 



