HOW TO KNOW THE IMMATURE INSECTS 





cu 



Fig. 30. Larvae: a, Anopheles sp.; b, ground beetle; c, Protyphylox 

 sp.; d, sawfly larvae; e, aphid lion; f, Stenophylax sp. (In 

 part frorr. U.S.D.A.) 



leaf rollers, leaf miners, casebearers, webworms, tent caterpillars, 

 leaf skeletonizers, cutworms, armyworms, borers, leaf tiers, loopers, 



leaf folders, gall makers, etc. Names 

 of the hosts are usually used in in- 

 dicating the insects of that particular 

 host, for example, corn borer, tobac- 

 co hornworm, etc. The part of the 

 host which the insects attack is also 

 used in the common names of the 

 larvae, such as the elder shoot borer, 

 pink bollworm, tomato fruitworm, etc. 

 Common names, unless standardized, 

 are often confusing. 



Fig. 31. The formation of the 

 bag in early stages of Thyrido- 

 pteryx ephemeraeformis Hay- 

 worth. (U.S.D.A.) 



The common names of insects with economic importance have been 

 standarized by the American Association of Economic Entomologists 

 which include a number of names for the specific larvae. 



t>UPAE 



The term pupa, derived from the Latin word meaning baby or 

 child, was proposed by Linnaeus on account of its resemblance to a 

 papoose or baby bound in garments. The term was first used in con- 

 nection with the chiysalis of Lepidoptera. The pupa is defined as the 

 resting stage or inactive period of all insects with complete metamor- 



16 



