HOW TO KNOW THE IMMATURE INSECTS 



2a. Large insects, live underground in nymph stage; fore legs enlarg- 

 ed and adapted for digging. Fig. 374 Family CICADIDAE 



About 1,500 species of cicadas 

 have been described. Eggs ore laid 

 in stems, twigs, etc. A few weeks 

 after hatching, the nymphs crawl 

 into the ground and feed upon the 

 roots of plants for a long period. 

 The 17-year cicada, Magicicada sep- 

 tendecim (L.) spends almost the full 

 17 years of its life cycle in the 

 nymph stage. A strain living in the 

 southern states completes its life 

 cycle in 13 years. 



Fig. 374. Periodical cicada, 

 Magicicada septendecim (L.) ; 

 o, nymph; b, nymphal skin. 



2b. Smaller insects, seldom over hall an inch long; live on plants; 

 fore legs not adapted for digging 3 



3a. Antennae inserted on the sides of the checks beneath the eyes. 

 Fig. 375 Family FULGORIDAE 



A/VTI£A//\JA 



Fig 375. a, Cranberry toad bug, Phylloscelis afro 



Germar; b, Lateral aspect of head. 



This family is represent- 

 ed in the United States by 

 about 400 known species. 

 They are called lantern- 

 flies and all are plant 

 feeders. Certain tropical 

 forms are luminous. Some 

 species secrete large 

 quantities of wax. 



3b. Antennae inserted in front of and between the 

 eyes. Fig. 376 4 



Fig. 376. Front 

 ospect of heocL 



136 



