HOW TO KNOW THE IMMATURE INSECTS 



18b. 3rd abdominal segment fixed on 2nd; abdominal segments with 

 both rows of spines. Fig. 507 Family COSSIDAE 



The pupal stage passes in the burrow which was 

 made by the larva. 



This, our most important species, was introduced 

 from Europe and infests many species of trees. 



/ig. 507. Leo- 

 pard moth, Zeu- 

 zero pyrina L. cJ^ 



19a. Labium with 3 lobes (pilifers distinct). {f\S^~t^~^^'^^^'^A 



Fig. 508 20 i \\Wn '^^^''5'W 



Fig. 508. Anterior 

 part of pupa. 



19b. Labrum simple or bilobed (pilifers absent) 28 



20a. Maxillary palpi present. (See Fig. 509). 21 



20b. Maxillary palpi wanting 22 



21a. Epicranial suture wanting; no deep dorsal groove between 9th 

 and 10th abdominal segments; 8th abdominal segment free on 

 7th in male iAUeYa) YPONOMEUTIDAE 



21b. Epicranial suture distinct at sides; or with a deep dorsal groove 

 between 9th and 10th abdominal segments; 8th abdominal seg- 

 ment fixed on 7th in both sexes. Fig. 509. . .Family PYRALIDIDAE 



Fig. 5U9. European 

 corn borer, Pyausta 

 nubilalis (Hubner) 



Pupation takes place in various ways: some spin 

 cocoons in dead leaves or under rubbish. The 

 aquatic species spend their pupal stage in a co- 

 coon beneath the surface of the water. 



179 



