FAMILY COREGONIDAE 103 



34,000 to a quart (0.125 of an inch in diameter) and those from Red 

 Lake from 49,480 to 50,000 to a quart (0.111 to 0.104 of an inch in 

 diameter) . They spawn in Red Lake on gravel beds near shore at a 

 depth of 6 to 8 feet at temperatures of 33° to 35° F. In the early fall 

 the Lake Superior whitefish move inshore, where they spawn in Novem- 

 ber at a depth of 1 to 12 fathoms on bottoms of sand or smooth boulders. 



Whitefish feed on planktonic Crustacea and aquatic insects. They bite 

 occasionally on baited hooks but are usually caught in gill or pound 

 nets. They are taken throughout the summer by deep hook-and-line 

 fishing in Ten Mile Lake near Hackensack, Minnesota. Minnows and 

 small yellow perch are the favorite bait used. Commercially the white- 

 fish has a greater value per pound than the cisco or tullibee. Whitefish 

 roe or eggs are considered a delicacy; they are used to some extent 

 for caviar. In many inland lakes many whitefish are heavily infected 

 with the same larval tapeworm, Triaenojphorus, as the tullibee. 



Several subspecies, but probably only one species, occur in various 

 lakes of Minnesota and have been reported under various names. Speci- 

 mens of whitefishes have been collected from many inland lakes by the 

 University of Minnesota and show no outstanding differences that 

 might indicate a species different from those collected from Lake 

 Superior. Other subspecies are reported from various lakes from Minne- 

 sota to Maine and northward. 



INLAND LAKES WHITEFISH (Island Lake Whitefish) 

 Coregonus clupeafoTTnis neo-hantoniensis (Prescott) 



Koelz (1930) provisionally applies the name Island Lake Whitefish 

 to the variety of whitefish found in Island Lake, Cook and Lake coun- 

 ties, Minnesota. There is no Island Lake on the boundary between Cook 

 and Lake counties, but whitefish of large size do occur in numbers in 

 Silver Island Lake in Lake County, just west of the boundary line of 

 Lake and Cook counties. In late October these fishes run up the Island 

 River well toward Harriet Lake to spawn. 



GULLIVER LAKE WHITEFISH 



Coregonus clupeaformis gulliveri Koelz 



Specimens of this subspecies were collected by Friedrich (1933) from 

 Whitefish Lake, Crow Wing County, Minnesota. They have large, 

 nearly black pectoral fins. Hubbs states that he has specimens of this 

 subspecies from the same lake. There are several specimens in the 

 University of Minnesota collections. 



GENUS Prosophmi 



The genus Prosopmm is represented in the Great Lakes region by one 

 species, which is apparently a subspecies of the Siberian whitefish (Berg, 



