FAMILY CYPRINIDAE 141 



Dorsal with a short base and fewer than 10 soft fin rays; no spinous ray in 

 dorsal or anal fin 3 



2. Upper jaw with 2 barbels on each side; lateral line with more than 32 scales 



(except in mirror and leather carps) Carp, Cyprinus carjno Linnaeus 



No barbels; lateral line with fewer than 30 scales 



Goldfish, Carassius aurattis (Linnaeus) 



3. Cartilaginous ridge of lower jaw prominent, separated by definite groove 



from lower lip; intestine spirally wound about air bladder 



(Genus CaTTipostorna) 4 



Cartilaginous ridge of lower jaw hardly evident, not separated by a definite 

 groove from lower lip; intestine not wound about air bladder 5 



4. Scales in lateral line usually 43-47; scale rows around body just in front of 



dorsal fin usually 31-36; width of gape usually 4.3-4.8 in head 



Largescale Stoneroller, Campostoina anomalum oUgole-pis Hubbs and Greene 

 Scales in lateral line usually 49-55; scales around body just in front of dorsal 



fin usually 39-46; width of gape usually 4.6-5.5 in head 



Central Stoneroller, Canipostoma anomalum pulliim (Agassiz) 



5. Premaxillaries nonprotractile; upper lip connected with skin of snout by a 



bridge of tissue across which the premaxillary groove does not pass 6 



Premaxillaries protractile; upper lip separated from skin of snout by a deep 

 groove continuous across the midline 7 



6. Snout projecting far beyond the horizontal mouth; eyes superolateral 



Great Lakes Longnose Dace, Rhinichthys cataractae cataractae 



(Valenciennes) 



Snout scarcely projecting beyond the somewhat oblique mouth; eyes lateral 

 Western Blacknose Dace, Rhinichthys atratulus meleagris Agassiz 



7. Maxillary with a barbel (usually requiring care to observe because it is 

 small and often hidden in the groove about the upper jaw, which should be 

 pulled out a little in searching for the barbel; the barbel is occasionally 



obsolete in Se7notiliis and Margarucus) 8 



Maxillary without a barbel (a barbellike swelling occurs at the end of the 

 maxillary in breeding males of Hyhorhynchiis) 14 



8. Barbel at or near end of maxillary and always slender; teeth in main row 



always 4 — 4 9 



Barbel on lower edge of maxillary well in advance of posterior end (usually 

 concealed in groove between maxillary and premaxillary and often flaplike 

 or obsolescent) ; teeth in main row typically 5 — 4 13 



9. Scales more than 55 in lateral line 10 



Scales fewer than 45 in lateral line 11 



10. Length of depressed dorsal fin more than two-thirds the distance from origin 

 of dorsal to occiput; dorsal fin typicaUy somewhat falcate; body moderately 



compressed; eye large 



Lake Northern Chub, Couesius plum-beus plumbeus (Agassiz) 



Length of depressed dorsal fin less than two-thirds the distance from origin 

 of dorsal to occiput; dorsal fin rounded or scarcely falcate; body terete; eye 

 small Creek Northern Chub, Couesius plumbeus dissimilis (Girard) 



11. Body marked with numerous x-shaped blotches 



Spotted Chub, Erim-ystax dissimilis (Kirtland) 



Body not marked with numerous x-shaped blotches 12 



12. Mouth somewhat oblique and slightly inferior, upper lip scarcely overhung 

 by snout; eye shorter than upper jaw. Least suborbital width less than half 



