IN NORTHERN MISTS 



quainted with it there, and made a reduced copy of it, which, 

 together with a copy of the accompanying text, he had bound 

 up with his copy of the Latin translation of Ptolemy's 

 " Geography " with maps. This work was not rediscovered at 

 Nancy until 1835, when it was published; the map is, therefore, 

 called the Nancy map. Clavus's second map, which seems 

 to have been drawn later than that just mentioned, has, 

 on the other hand, had considerable influence on the cartograph- 

 ical representation of the northern regions through a period of 

 two centuries. 



A copy of the later map was first brought to light by Nor- 

 denskiold at Warsaw in i88g [1889, pi. xxx.] ; since then several 

 copies have been rescued from oblivion, while the text accom- 

 panying the map was accidentally discovered in 1900 by Dr. A. 

 A. Bjombo in a mediasval MS. at Vienna [Bjombo and Petersen, 

 1904]. The original map is lost; but except as regards details 

 of no great consequence there can now be no doubt as to what 

 it was like. 



The reproductions (pp. 248 and 251) will give an idea of the 

 representation of the North on the two maps. As far as Ptol- 

 emy's map extended (cf. Vol. I, p. 118 f.), it will be seen that its 

 coast-lines and islands are almost slavishly adhered to on 

 both maps. To this, the Nancy map adds a Scandinavia, with 

 Iceland, the east coast of Greenland, and a northern land 

 connection between the latter and Russia. On the later map, 

 Scandinavia has been given a somewhat altered form, and 

 Greenland has a west coast. The Nancy map has few names, 

 many more being mentioned in the text, especially in Denmark. 

 Even as regards Denmark, they are evidently to a great extent 

 taken from an older itinerary like that of Bruges (" Itine- 

 raire Brugeois,") [cf. Storm, 1891, p. 19]. Some of the names 

 on the map, like " bergis," " nidrosia," etc., may be taken 

 from older compass-charts; both texts have the northern 

 form, "Bergen." Headlands, bays, and islands (on the coasts 

 of Norway, Iceland, and Greenland), for which he had no 

 names (and which, moreover, are due to the free imagination 

 250 



