IN NORTHERN MISTS 



to be referred to. We saw that on Vesconte's map of the 

 world accompanying Marino Sanudo's work the coast-lines 

 of the compass-charts in the Mediterranean, etc., had already 

 been introduced. On the Modena map (p.231) this has also 



been carried out as 

 regards the North. 

 In the fifteenth cen- 

 tury we have various 

 wheel - maps, of 



which some seem to 

 be more antiquated. 

 Lo Bianco's round 

 mappamundi, in his 

 atlas of 1436, is 

 connected with the 

 compass - charts of 

 that time. Johannes 

 Leardus's round 

 mappamundi, in many 

 editions of 1448 and 

 earlier,^ likewise 

 shows a strong af- 

 finity to the com- 

 pass-charts, although 

 there is little detail in the delineation of the North. The 

 same is the case with the anonymous round mappamundi in a 

 codex in the Library of St. Mark at Venice [cf. Kretschmer, 

 1892, atlas, pi. Ill, no. 13], but this map has also points 

 of similarity to Vesconte's mappamundi, in Sanudo's 

 work, and, among other things, it has the same mountain chain 

 along the north coast of the continent, and the same form of 

 the Baltic. 



The round mappamundi in a MS. of Mela, of 141 7, at Rheims,^ 



iTwo editions are reproduced in Nordenskiold [1897, p. 61] and Ongania 



[pi. XIV.]. 



2 Reproduced by Nordenskiold [1897, p. 5], and Lelewel [1851, pi. xxxiii]; 

 Miller, 1895, iii. p. 138. 

 282 



Europe on the mappamundi in the Geneva MS. of 

 Sallust of about 1450. (The south should 

 be at the top) 



