IN NORTHERN MISTS 



and has become a long island, the south-east coast of which 

 should doubtless correspond to the east coast of Greenland on 

 the Cantino map, but has a very different direction and form, 

 and has in addition many islands to the south of it. A similar, 

 but still more varied representation is found on another Italian 

 mappamundi, the so-called " Kunstmann, No 2." If Greenland 

 and Newfoundland were both discovered by Gaspar Cortereal 

 and on the same voyage, and if these discoveries formed the basis 

 both of the Cantino map and of the prototype of the King map, 

 then it would be incomprehensible how the representation of one 

 of these countries should vary so much, and not that of the 

 other. ^ 



The so-called " Oliveriana " map, an anonymous Italian 

 compass-chart of a little later than 1503, shows more resem- 

 blance to the representation of Greenland on the Cantino 

 map; but here that of Newfoundland is very different from 

 what we find on the other maps, as its east coast is remarkably 

 short and the south coast extends a long way to the west, in 

 the same direction as the coast discovered by the English 

 on La Cosa's map of 1500; ^ but the names have no resem- 

 blance to those of that map, unless the island, Groga Y, 

 should be La Cosa's, S. Grigor (?), which, however, Hes 

 farther east, while the island corresponding to Groga 

 is called by La Cosa, ** I. de la trinidat." " Cauo del marco " 

 might also remind us of the Venetian Cabot. Dr. Bjornbo 



1 Yet a third type of representation of Greenland may be said to be found 

 on the so-called "Pilestrina" map (p. 377), perhaps of 1511 [cf. Bjornbo, 1910, 

 p. 210], where Greenland forms a peninsula (from a mass of land on the 

 north) as on the Cantino map, but much broader still. On the south-eastern 

 promontory of Greenland is here written: "C[auo] de mirame et lexame '* 

 (i.e., Cape "look at me but don't touch me"), which may be connected with 

 the Portuguese voyage of 1500, when the explorers saw the coast but could 

 not approach it on account of ice. Finally, I may mention the type of the 

 Reinel map (see p. 321), where Greenland in the form of a broad land has been 

 transferred to the coast of America. On all these maps with their changing 

 representation of Greenland, Newfoundland has approximately the same form 

 and position. 



2 Cf. Harrisse, 1900, pp. 54 f. 



374 



