THE MUSCLES 85 



Together with MM. flexores breves superficiales and flexores accessorii 

 lateraHs and medialis = 



Flexor digitorum communis profundus et sublimis Funk (1827). 



Langer gemeinschaftlichcr Beuger .... Meckel (1828). 



Epitrochlo-digital ....... Duges (1834). 



Flexor digitorum communis Stannius (1854-6); Rymer Jones (1852); 

 Schmidt, Goddard, and van d. Hoeven 

 (1864); Riidinger (1868). 



Flexor longus Mivart (1869). 



Humero-phalangei volares II-V . . . Hoffmann (1873-8). 



Flechisseur commun des doigts (14-28) . . . Perrin (1899). 



Together with MM. flexores breves superficiales, and flexor accessorius 

 lateralis = 



Flexor digitorum sublimis .... Humphry (1872). 



Together with MM. flexores accessorii lateralis et medialis = 



Flexor digitorum longus sublimis .... Osawa (1902). 



The flexor primordialis communis is a thin, flat sheet of muscle arising 

 from the epicondylus medialis humeri between the MM. flexor anti- 

 brachialis et carpi radialis and ulnaris and from aponeuroses which 

 occur between it and these muscles. It is very difficult to separate 

 proximally from the flexor carpi ulnaris; indeed, there is no natural 

 division between them other than the common aponeurosis from 

 which their fibres originate. In the region of the carpus the muscle 

 passes into a thin, flat tendon which occupies the whole of the palm 

 of the hand, and then divides into four narrow tendons which pass 

 along the fingers and are inserted on the terminal phalanges, while 

 an auxiliary tendon passes to the second phalanx of the third finger. 

 The tendon is fixed to the skin at the carpus by tough fibrous con- 

 nective tissue and is also related to various other muscles. See below. 



Innervation-. From N. ulnaris. 



Function : As its name indicates, it is the common flexor of the hand 

 and fingers. 



To observe the following muscles the M. flex. prim. comm. should 

 be severed at its origin and turned backwards over the hand, care 

 being taken not to damage the short flexor muscles of the wrist which 

 are inserted on the palmar tendon. 



M. flexor antihrachii et carpi radialis (m.f.a.c.r.). Eisler (1895); 

 McMurrich (1903); Ribbing (1907). 



Pronator carpi radialis (?) ..... Funk (1827). 



Flexor carpi radialis (25) . . Carus (1828); Osawa (1902). 



Abzieher oder Beuger der Hand .... Meckel (1828). 



