154 THE SALAMANDER 



{b) The R. accessorius (n.acc.) to the M. cucullaris. This nerve 

 enters the muscle on its mesial side. It is a fairly large branch. 



ic) The RR. pharyngei are very fine twigs to the pharynx corre- 

 sponding with those already described for the other visceral 

 nerves. 



Druner (Tafel 29, fig. 37) figures two fine twigs leaving the 

 nerve at about this point and entering the M. levator scapulae (oper- 

 cularis). In spite of very careful searching these twigs have not been 

 found, and one can only suppose that, if they are of normal occur- 

 rence, they must be exceedingly fine. He does not mention them in 

 the text. 



(d) Almost immediately afterwards one or two RR. musculm-es 

 (d.l.)for the M. dilatator laryngis are given off. They are very fine and 

 are best seen by lifting the muscle carefully from its dorsal origin, 

 when they will be seen stretching across through the connective 

 tissue on its mesial side. Unless they are found in this way before the 

 muscle is removed it is almost impossible to pick them up afterwards. 



At the ventral edge of the M. opercularis a very fine anastomosis 

 with the hypoglossal nerve can sometimes be found, and almost im- 

 mediately afterwards is given off": 



{e) The R. recurrens (n.rec.io). This important branch passes 

 mesialwards, ventral to the V. facialis, and proceeds to divide as 

 follows : — 



(i) A'', laryngeus ventralis (n.lar.v.). 



R. laryngeus ......... Druner. 



This nerve comes off variously, either soon after the R. recurrens 

 separates from the intestinal branch, or later as the former nerve 

 turns oralwards (i.e. as Druner describes). In the former case it is 

 combined with the ramus muscularis for the M. dilatator laryngis. 

 It passes directly mesiad, ventral to the muscles, and enters the M. 

 constrictor laryngis ventrally. 



(ii) R. muscularis (d.l.) for the M. dilatator laryngis. This twig 

 arises soon after the separation of the recurrent branch, either 

 separately, or together with the former branch. It turns posteriorly 

 and enters the muscle on its ventral side. 



(iii) RR. musculares for the M. cephalo-dorso-subpharyngeus, 

 comprising a number of fine twigs entering the muscle from the 

 ventral side. 



(iv) Amongst the former twigs a fine branch leaves the main nerve 

 and passes along the ventral side of the M. cephalo-dorso-sub- 

 pharyngeus to enter the M. transversus ventralis IV. 



