PARASITIC C K U S T A C E A 1 09 



obscured when lappets and projections are developed, as in 

 her nanthr opus and Chondr acanthus (fig. 47). 



Another type of modification is the reduction of the body to a 

 simple sac-like structure, while retaining a few appendages for 

 attachment to the host. 



M 



Fig. 47. Parasitic Copepoda. A, Eudactylina rachelae, dorsal view of a 

 female from the gills of an electric ray (Torpedo nobiliana). Actual 

 length of body, excluding egg sacs, 2.4 mm. B, Lernanthropus kroyeri, 

 ventral view of a female from the gills of a bass (Morone labrax). Actual 

 length, without egg strings, about 8 mm. C, Chondr acanthus lophii, 

 ventral view of female from the gills of angler fish (Lophius piscatorius). 

 Actual length of body about 12 mm. D, Mytilicola intestinalis, ventral 

 view of a female from the rectum of the common mussel (Mytilus edulis). 

 Actual length excluding egg sacs, about 7 mm. 



The Choniostomatidae are a family of copepods which parasitise 

 other Crustacea, mainly Malacostraca, though one species. Sphacro- 

 nellopsis littoralis, is known to parasitise an ostracod. The adult 

 females tend towards a spherical shape (fig. 48A). and the trunk 

 limbs are minute, so that locomotion is impossible, apart from 

 slight changes in position engineered by the maxillipeds. The 

 males (figs. 48B, d) differ considerably in appearance from the 



