PLEURODISCIDAE. 189 



India: Simla (type loc, Hutton) and Chur (Stoliczka) ; 

 Landour (Benson) ; Murree (Stol.) ; Tandiana (Theobald). 



Helix humilis Hutton, Hutton & Benson, 1838, J. A. S. 

 Bengal, vol. 7, p. 217.— Pfr., 1847, Monogr. I, p. 106 ; Conchyl. 

 Cab. Helix III, p. 332, pi. 129, f. 28.— Hanley & Theobald, 

 1874, Conch. Indiea pi. 61, f. 4-6. — Nevill, 1878, Second 

 Yarkand Mission, Moll., p. 18. — Pyramidula humilis Pilsbry, 

 1903, Man. Conch. IX, p. 44.— Gude, 1914, Fauna British 

 India, Moll. II, p. 43. 



The embryonic shell of 1^2 whorls projects somewhat; it 

 is glossy, with the faintest traces of granulation, the first 

 whorl being wide, the suture only lightly impressed. Sub- 

 sequent whorls are dull, brown, with irregular, somewhat 

 thread-like striae and a very deeply impressed suture. The 

 last whorl has the periphery above the middle ; it is distinctly 

 though bluntly angular in immature shells (fig. 2), but the 

 angulation is almost lost on the last whorl of adult shells. 

 The umbilicus is widely open, occupying one-third or more 

 of the diameter of the shell. A Landour specimen received 

 from Benson measures : height 1.4 mm., diam. 2.3 mm. ; 4% 

 whorls. 



Two species of Punctum are noticed below because they 

 had been figured on Plate 23 under the impression that they 

 were Pyramidulae. Probably all Punciuyn show spiral lines. 

 The species appear to be distributed throughout much of the 

 Holarctic realm and into the tropics in Mexico. The South 

 African " Trachycystis" hottentota M. & P. has the appear- 

 ance of Punctum. In the Atlantic Islands the genus is repre- 

 sented by P. pusillum (Lowe) and P. placidum (Shuttl.). 

 The European species have been described by Westerlund, 

 1889, but his list contains various heterogeneous elements. 



Punctum orphana (Heude). PI 23, figs. 5-5c. 



Shell umbilicate, orbicular, depressed-conoid, rufous, plicatu- 

 late-striate, the spire depressed; whorls 4, slowly increasing, 

 somewhat convex, joined by a rather deep suture, the last 

 cylindric, at the periphery indistinctly subangular, not 

 descending; aperture subcircular, nearly straight, peristome 



