﻿PHILIP 
  PKARSALL 
  CARPENTER 
  / 
  

  

  Through 
  the 
  generosity 
  of 
  Mr. 
  T.ovell 
  G. 
  Mickles 
  of 
  Montreal, 
  the 
  molluscan 
  

   collections 
  of 
  the 
  Redpath 
  Museum 
  were 
  reorganized 
  in 
  1950-1951. 
  The 
  work 
  

   was 
  directed 
  by 
  the 
  author, 
  assisted 
  by 
  Vicente 
  Conde 
  of 
  Cuba. 
  This 
  allowed 
  

   further 
  examination 
  of 
  the 
  Carpenter 
  Collection, 
  and 
  more 
  types 
  and 
  pertinent 
  

   specimens 
  were 
  discovered. 
  

  

  Examination 
  was 
  made 
  in 
  1951 
  of 
  collections 
  in 
  the 
  Chicago 
  Museum 
  of 
  

   Natural 
  History 
  and 
  the 
  Chicago 
  Academy 
  of 
  Sciences. 
  The 
  former 
  contains 
  a 
  

   large 
  set 
  of 
  specimens, 
  identified 
  by 
  Carpenter, 
  of 
  species 
  described 
  by 
  him. 
  

  

  The 
  author 
  has 
  been 
  aided 
  by 
  the 
  late 
  G. 
  L. 
  Wilkins 
  of 
  the 
  Zoology 
  Depart- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  the 
  British 
  Museum 
  (Natural 
  History). 
  He 
  checked 
  the 
  collections 
  of 
  

   that 
  institution 
  for 
  possible 
  types, 
  provided 
  the 
  information 
  from 
  the 
  labels 
  on 
  

   such 
  specimens, 
  and 
  arranged 
  for 
  the 
  photographing 
  of 
  them. 
  Without 
  his 
  aid 
  

   the 
  data 
  concerning 
  the 
  pertinent 
  specimens 
  in 
  England 
  could 
  not 
  have 
  been 
  in- 
  

   cluded 
  in 
  this 
  report. 
  Harald 
  Rehder, 
  J. 
  Wyatt 
  Durham, 
  H. 
  A. 
  Pilsbry, 
  and 
  John 
  

   C. 
  Armstrong 
  co-operatively 
  checked 
  the 
  collections 
  and 
  data 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  queries 
  

   and 
  provided 
  photographs 
  of 
  specimens 
  in 
  their 
  respective 
  institutions. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  the 
  search 
  for 
  types 
  and 
  pertinent 
  original 
  material 
  of 
  Car- 
  

   penter's 
  West 
  Coast 
  species 
  the 
  authorities 
  of 
  the 
  Redpath 
  Museum 
  brought 
  to 
  

   light 
  about 
  140 
  letters 
  in 
  the 
  Carpenter 
  files 
  of 
  that 
  institution. 
  They 
  represent 
  

   communications 
  from 
  leading 
  conchologists 
  in 
  America 
  and 
  abroad 
  to 
  Carpenter 
  

   during 
  the 
  period 
  1859 
  to 
  1877. 
  They 
  contain 
  facts 
  concerning 
  scientists, 
  collec- 
  

   tions, 
  and 
  natural 
  history 
  not 
  compiled 
  in 
  printed 
  accounts. 
  Similar 
  letters 
  were 
  

   inspected 
  from 
  the 
  archives 
  of 
  the 
  Boston 
  Society 
  of 
  Natural 
  History 
  and 
  the 
  

   Museum 
  of 
  Comparative 
  Zoology. 
  More 
  letters 
  probably 
  will 
  be 
  found. 
  The 
  

   writer 
  hopes 
  to 
  complete 
  a 
  separate 
  report 
  describing 
  details 
  from 
  original 
  sources 
  

   of 
  a 
  stage 
  in 
  American 
  conchology 
  not 
  hitherto 
  published. 
  

  

  PHILIP 
  PEARSALL 
  CARPENTER 
  

  

  LIFE 
  

  

  Philip 
  Pearsall 
  Carpenter, 
  an 
  English 
  Presbyterian 
  minister, 
  was 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  

   chief 
  figures 
  in 
  the 
  second 
  period 
  of 
  American 
  conchology, 
  which 
  the 
  late 
  W. 
  H. 
  

   Dall 
  termed 
  the 
  Gouldian 
  Period 
  (about 
  1841-1870). 
  Carpenter 
  was 
  born 
  on 
  

   November 
  4. 
  1819, 
  in 
  Bristol, 
  England. 
  He 
  occupied 
  the 
  pulpit'"' 
  at 
  Stand 
  (1841- 
  

   1846), 
  near 
  Manchester, 
  and 
  at 
  Warrington 
  from 
  1846 
  until 
  1858. 
  At 
  that 
  time 
  

   he 
  made 
  his 
  first 
  visit 
  to 
  America. 
  He 
  came 
  with 
  large 
  boxes 
  of 
  shells 
  from 
  the 
  

   Reigen 
  Mazatlan 
  collection 
  which 
  were 
  destined 
  for 
  the 
  State 
  Cabinet 
  of 
  Natural 
  

   History 
  (Museum) 
  at 
  Albany, 
  New 
  York 
  (Palmer, 
  1951, 
  p. 
  5). 
  He 
  spent 
  about 
  

   a 
  year 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  in 
  America 
  and 
  travelled 
  about 
  12,400 
  miles 
  from 
  Quebec 
  to 
  

   Falls 
  of 
  St. 
  Anthony, 
  Minnesota, 
  to 
  Charleston, 
  South 
  Carolina. 
  xA-fter 
  his 
  return 
  

   to 
  England, 
  he 
  married 
  a 
  German 
  lady, 
  Minna 
  Meyer. 
  At 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  they 
  

  

  3 
  Carpenter's 
  father 
  was 
  an 
  eminent 
  Unitarian 
  preacher, 
  Dr. 
  Lant 
  Carpenter 
  ; 
  a 
  brother 
  

   Russel 
  was 
  a 
  minister, 
  another 
  brother 
  was 
  the 
  celebrated 
  scientist, 
  Dr. 
  W. 
  B. 
  Carpenter, 
  

   and 
  a 
  sister 
  Mary 
  was 
  the 
  active 
  philanthropist 
  and 
  reformer. 
  

  

  