﻿10 
  MARINE 
  MOLLUSCA 
  DESCRIBED 
  BY 
  P. 
  P. 
  CARPENTER 
  

  

  errors, 
  noted 
  previous 
  omissions, 
  gave 
  additional 
  information 
  on 
  collections, 
  ex- 
  

   peditions, 
  and 
  original 
  notes 
  gained 
  from 
  his 
  examination 
  of 
  previously 
  identified 
  

   material 
  and 
  from 
  unidentified 
  and 
  undescribed 
  species 
  of 
  shells 
  that 
  were 
  sent 
  

   to 
  him 
  through 
  the 
  Smitlisonian 
  Institution 
  or 
  directly 
  to 
  him 
  by 
  collectors 
  on 
  

   the 
  West 
  Coast. 
  Those 
  two 
  ]iapers 
  are 
  a 
  wealth 
  of 
  concise 
  information 
  of 
  eastern 
  

   Pacific 
  conchological 
  literature 
  from 
  Linnaeus 
  to 
  Carpenter's 
  time. 
  Their 
  useful- 
  

   ness 
  is 
  impaired 
  by 
  the 
  rarity 
  of 
  the 
  publications 
  which 
  also 
  include 
  the 
  Smith- 
  

   sonian 
  Institution 
  reprint 
  (1872) 
  of 
  the 
  1863 
  (1864) 
  report. 
  The 
  latter 
  could 
  

   well 
  be 
  reprinted 
  again. 
  The 
  reprint 
  of 
  Carpenter's 
  papers 
  by 
  the 
  Smithsonian 
  

   Institution 
  is 
  referred 
  herein 
  as 
  Reprint. 
  1872. 
  (Sre 
  bibliography.) 
  

  

  The 
  extensive 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  Mazatlan 
  material 
  induced 
  and 
  riveted 
  the 
  carrying 
  

   on 
  of 
  Carpenter's 
  natural-history 
  bent. 
  He 
  made 
  up 
  duplicate 
  sets 
  of 
  the 
  Mazat- 
  

   lan 
  material. 
  One 
  set 
  was 
  accepted 
  by 
  the 
  New 
  York 
  State 
  Cabinet 
  of 
  Natural 
  

   History 
  (State 
  Museum) 
  at 
  Albany, 
  New 
  York, 
  on 
  condition 
  that 
  Carpenter 
  

   would 
  bring 
  the 
  shells 
  to 
  America 
  and 
  arrange 
  them 
  (Palmer. 
  1951. 
  p. 
  5-8). 
  The 
  

   details 
  of 
  the 
  Albany 
  collection 
  have 
  been 
  written 
  up 
  ]\v 
  the 
  author 
  and 
  will 
  not 
  

   be 
  repeated 
  here. 
  

  

  Carpenter 
  sailed 
  for 
  America 
  December 
  8. 
  1858, 
  and 
  did 
  not 
  return 
  until 
  

   June. 
  1860. 
  During 
  that 
  time 
  he 
  had 
  arranged 
  the 
  collection 
  at 
  Albany 
  and 
  made 
  

   a 
  firm 
  friend 
  of 
  Col. 
  Ezekiel 
  Jewett. 
  curator 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  Cabinet 
  of 
  Natural 
  His- 
  

   tory. 
  Carpenter 
  later 
  described 
  new 
  species 
  from 
  Jewett's 
  collection 
  of 
  West 
  

   Coast 
  mollusks. 
  He 
  visited 
  ^lontreal 
  three 
  times 
  and 
  lectured 
  at 
  McGill 
  Univer- 
  

   sity 
  at 
  the 
  request 
  of 
  Sir 
  William 
  Dawson, 
  principal. 
  Common 
  interests 
  and 
  re- 
  

   spect 
  were 
  formed 
  between 
  Dawson 
  and 
  Carpenter 
  and 
  resulted 
  in 
  permanent 
  

   friendship 
  and 
  eventual 
  association 
  in 
  IMontreal 
  in 
  the 
  museum 
  at 
  McGill 
  Uni- 
  

   versity. 
  

  

  One 
  of 
  his 
  chief 
  objects 
  in 
  coming 
  to 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  was 
  to 
  examine 
  types 
  

   of 
  described 
  species, 
  particularly 
  western 
  American 
  species, 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  compare 
  

   them 
  with 
  those 
  specimens 
  in 
  England. 
  His 
  natural-history 
  bent 
  led 
  him 
  to 
  Dr. 
  

   A. 
  A. 
  Gould 
  in 
  P>oston, 
  Louis 
  Agassiz 
  at 
  Cambridge, 
  the 
  C. 
  P). 
  Adams 
  collection 
  

   at 
  Amherst, 
  Massachusetts, 
  the 
  Bland 
  collection 
  in 
  Brooklyn, 
  Binney's 
  collection 
  

   of 
  land 
  shells 
  in 
  Burlington, 
  Vermont, 
  the 
  Academy 
  of 
  Natural 
  Sciences 
  in 
  

   Philadelphia, 
  Professors 
  McCrady, 
  Ravenal, 
  and 
  Gibbs 
  in 
  Charleston. 
  South 
  

   Carolina, 
  and 
  John 
  G. 
  Anthony 
  at 
  Cincinnati 
  ; 
  he 
  made 
  a 
  collecting 
  trip 
  for 
  

   Unionidae 
  with 
  Alpheus 
  Hyatt 
  in 
  the 
  Green 
  River 
  in 
  Kentucky. 
  He 
  was 
  em- 
  

   ployed 
  for 
  5 
  months 
  in 
  the 
  winter 
  of 
  1859-1860, 
  by 
  Joseph 
  Henry, 
  Secretary 
  of 
  

   the 
  Smithsonian 
  Institution, 
  in 
  unpacking 
  and 
  arranging 
  the 
  shells 
  of 
  that 
  in- 
  

   stitution. 
  When 
  he 
  returned 
  to 
  England 
  in 
  June, 
  1860, 
  large 
  quantities 
  of 
  shells 
  

   were 
  sent 
  to 
  him 
  from 
  the 
  Smithsonian 
  for 
  comparson 
  with 
  types 
  in 
  England, 
  

   especially 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  Hugh 
  Cuming. 
  

  

  He 
  spent 
  a 
  large 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  time 
  in 
  the 
  next 
  5 
  years 
  in 
  the 
  museum 
  at 
  

   Warrington, 
  where 
  he 
  built 
  u]) 
  natural-history 
  collections, 
  worked 
  on 
  Smithson- 
  

   ian 
  shells, 
  published 
  the 
  description 
  of 
  new 
  Pacific 
  Coast 
  mollusks, 
  attended 
  

  

  