﻿PELECYPODA 
  

  

  65 
  

  

  This 
  species 
  was 
  not 
  described 
  by 
  Carpenter. 
  The 
  syntypes 
  consisting 
  of 
  three 
  specimens 
  

   are 
  in 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum. 
  These 
  were 
  specimens 
  Cooper 
  collected 
  and 
  Carpenter 
  

   labelled. 
  Dall 
  used 
  Carpenter's 
  name 
  in 
  1898 
  and 
  referred 
  to 
  the 
  species 
  as 
  of 
  Carpenter. 
  

   Others 
  have 
  followed 
  Dall 
  (Howard, 
  1953). 
  The 
  species 
  name 
  should 
  be 
  credited 
  to 
  Dall 
  

   only. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  Redpath 
  Museum 
  no. 
  15374 
  two 
  specimens 
  labelled 
  "Nuculina 
  munita 
  

   Catalina 
  Is. 
  30 
  fm. 
  Cooper 
  type." 
  These 
  specimens 
  cannot 
  be 
  termed 
  syntypes 
  because 
  Dall 
  

   did 
  not 
  have 
  access 
  to 
  them 
  when 
  he 
  described 
  the 
  species. 
  They 
  would 
  be 
  valuable 
  topotypes 
  

   because 
  they 
  came 
  from 
  the 
  Cooper 
  collection. 
  

  

  H. 
  munita 
  is 
  not 
  typical 
  Huxleyia, 
  but 
  it 
  belongs 
  in 
  that 
  genus 
  more 
  than 
  in 
  Nucinella. 
  

   The 
  species 
  lacks 
  anterior 
  teeth. 
  

  

  Oldroyd 
  repeated 
  Dall's 
  description 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  (Oldroyd, 
  p. 
  36). 
  Rehder 
  and 
  Schenck 
  

   pointed 
  out 
  that 
  Niicula 
  petriola 
  Dall 
  is 
  synonymous 
  with 
  C. 
  munita. 
  

  

  Howard 
  (1953) 
  reported 
  the 
  species 
  to 
  be 
  viviparous. 
  

  

  Syntypes. 
  — 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum, 
  no. 
  23243, 
  three 
  specimens, 
  label 
  "30 
  fms. 
  Cooper, 
  

   Catalina 
  Is." 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  Recent. 
  Catalina 
  Island, 
  30 
  fathoms 
  (type) 
  ; 
  Santa 
  Rosa 
  Island, 
  California, 
  

   53 
  fathoms 
  (H. 
  petriola) 
  ; 
  Santa 
  Rosa 
  Island, 
  California 
  to 
  ? 
  Lat. 
  34° 
  S. 
  (Hertlein 
  and 
  

   Strong). 
  Pleistocene 
  (Woodring, 
  Bramlette, 
  and 
  Kew) 
  

  

  Genus 
  Philobrya 
  Cooper, 
  1867 
  

  

  Bryophila 
  Carpenter, 
  1864, 
  Ann. 
  Mag. 
  Nat. 
  Hist., 
  ser. 
  3, 
  vol. 
  XIII, 
  p. 
  314; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  

  

  p. 
  212. 
  Not 
  Bryophila 
  Treitschke, 
  1825 
  (see 
  Neave, 
  1939-1940) 
  

   Philobrya 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  California, 
  p. 
  12; 
  Carpenter, 
  

  

  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  Smith. 
  Misc. 
  Coll., 
  no. 
  252, 
  index, 
  p. 
  21 
  

   Type 
  by 
  monotypy, 
  P. 
  sctosa 
  (Carpenter), 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  Cali- 
  

   fornia, 
  p. 
  12. 
  Recent 
  Forrester 
  Island, 
  Alaska, 
  to 
  Gulf 
  of 
  California 
  (PI. 
  1, 
  figs. 
  11-16) 
  

  

  The 
  name 
  Philobrya 
  was 
  constructed 
  by 
  Carpenter 
  and 
  intended 
  by 
  him 
  as 
  a 
  substitute 
  

   for 
  his 
  preoccupied 
  term 
  Bryophila. 
  Carpenter 
  first 
  published 
  the 
  name 
  Philobrya 
  in 
  the 
  in- 
  

   dex 
  (1872) 
  to 
  the 
  Smithsonian 
  Reprint 
  of 
  many 
  of 
  his 
  papers. 
  Carpenter 
  has 
  always 
  been 
  

   credited 
  as 
  author 
  of 
  the 
  generic 
  name. 
  However, 
  as 
  sometimes 
  happens 
  by 
  an 
  interchange 
  

   of 
  unpublished 
  names 
  between 
  workers. 
  Carpenter's 
  replacement 
  name 
  of 
  Philobrya 
  was 
  first 
  

   published 
  by 
  Cooper 
  (1867). 
  Cooper, 
  is, 
  therefore, 
  the 
  author 
  of 
  the 
  name. 
  There 
  is 
  no 
  indi- 
  

   cation 
  in 
  the 
  Cooper 
  list 
  that 
  the 
  name 
  is 
  a 
  manuscript 
  name 
  of 
  Carpenter, 
  so 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  

   authority 
  for 
  crediting 
  "Carpenter 
  in 
  Cooper." 
  

  

  Cotton 
  and 
  Godfrey 
  (1938) 
  placed 
  this 
  genus 
  in 
  the 
  special 
  family 
  Philobryidae. 
  

  

  Philobrya 
  setosa 
  (Carpenter) 
  

   (PI. 
  1, 
  figs. 
  11-16) 
  

  

  Bryophila 
  setosa 
  Carpenter, 
  1864, 
  April, 
  Ann. 
  Mag. 
  Nat. 
  Hist., 
  ser. 
  3, 
  vol. 
  XIII, 
  p. 
  314; 
  

   Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  212; 
  1864b, 
  Aug., 
  p. 
  538, 
  612, 
  618, 
  645; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  24, 
  98, 
  104, 
  131 
  

  

  Philobrya 
  setosa 
  Carpenter, 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  California, 
  p. 
  12; 
  

   Carpenter, 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  index, 
  p. 
  21 
  ; 
  Dall, 
  1895, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  XVIII, 
  

   p. 
  17; 
  Bernard, 
  1897, 
  Jour, 
  de 
  Conchyl., 
  vol. 
  XLV, 
  p. 
  10, 
  text 
  fig. 
  1-4, 
  pi. 
  1, 
  fig. 
  1 
  ; 
  Dall, 
  

   1921, 
  p. 
  17; 
  Oldroyd, 
  1924, 
  Pub. 
  Puget 
  Sound 
  Biol. 
  Station, 
  vol. 
  4, 
  p. 
  15 
  translation; 
  

   1924b, 
  p. 
  49, 
  pi. 
  54, 
  figs. 
  32-35 
  ; 
  original 
  description 
  and 
  translation 
  ; 
  Grant 
  and 
  Gale, 
  

   1931, 
  p. 
  149; 
  Keen, 
  1937, 
  p. 
  24; 
  Burch, 
  1944, 
  no. 
  34, 
  p. 
  10; 
  1945, 
  no. 
  45, 
  p. 
  6; 
  1946, 
  no. 
  

   59, 
  pi. 
  XI, 
  fig. 
  34; 
  Howard, 
  1953, 
  Wasmann, 
  Jour. 
  Biol., 
  vol. 
  11, 
  no. 
  2, 
  p. 
  234, 
  235, 
  fig. 
  A, 
  B 
  

  

  The 
  original 
  description 
  (with 
  translation) 
  of 
  this 
  interesting 
  species 
  has 
  been 
  given 
  by 
  

   Oldroyd, 
  and 
  details 
  of 
  the 
  hinge 
  have 
  been 
  discussed 
  and 
  illustrated 
  by 
  Bernard. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  original 
  lines 
  should 
  be 
  added 
  to 
  the 
  copy 
  by 
  Oldroyd 
  to 
  make 
  it 
  complete 
  : 
  

  

  "Long. 
  13, 
  lat. 
  .2, 
  alt. 
  .1 
  poll. 
  

  

  "Like 
  a 
  minute 
  Pinna, 
  or 
  a 
  transverse 
  Margaritiphora 
  without 
  ears, 
  or 
  an 
  Isognonion 
  with- 
  

   out 
  pits. 
  Differs 
  from 
  the 
  other 
  Aviculids 
  in 
  being 
  viviparous, 
  like 
  some 
  other 
  minute 
  

   bivalves." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1864a, 
  p. 
  314] 
  Line 
  4, 
  correct 
  "rectus" 
  to 
  read 
  "rectis"; 
  line 
  8, 
  space 
  

   following 
  "marginem" 
  

  

  