﻿68 
  MARINE 
  MOLLUSCA 
  DESCRIBED 
  BY 
  P. 
  P. 
  CARPENTER 
  

  

  "Ostrca 
  .... 
  [Besides 
  the 
  typical 
  northern 
  shell 
  O. 
  liirida, 
  are 
  well-marked 
  ? 
  vars., 
  lati- 
  

   caudata, 
  rufoidcs, 
  and 
  expansa]. 
  [Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  615] 
  

  

  "Ostrca 
  ? 
  var. 
  expansa. 
  Flat, 
  affixed 
  to 
  whole 
  surface, 
  like 
  Columbiensis. 
  Round, 
  or 
  

   winged 
  to 
  left, 
  or 
  right, 
  or 
  both, 
  like 
  Malleus. 
  Also 
  passes 
  into 
  167. 
  Ostrea 
  conchaphila, 
  Cpr. 
  

   Maz. 
  Cat. 
  no. 
  214. 
  From 
  Southern 
  fauna.'' 
  [Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  646] 
  

  

  " 
  ? 
  Var. 
  expansa 
  : 
  t. 
  omnino 
  planata, 
  per 
  totam 
  superficiem 
  affixa 
  ; 
  extus, 
  marginem 
  versus 
  

   laminata, 
  purpureo 
  radiata 
  ; 
  intus, 
  olivaceo-rufa, 
  ligamento 
  parvo, 
  in 
  medio 
  undato, 
  solidiore. 
  

  

  "Hab. 
  S. 
  Pedro, 
  Cooper." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1865g, 
  p. 
  138] 
  

  

  The 
  types 
  of 
  this 
  fnriua 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  founfl. 
  The 
  Carpenter 
  Collection 
  in 
  the 
  Redpath 
  

   Museum 
  includes 
  one 
  double 
  and 
  an 
  additional 
  valve 
  labelled 
  by 
  Carpenter 
  from 
  San 
  Pedro, 
  

   collected 
  by 
  Cooper. 
  Since 
  these 
  are 
  topotypes 
  and 
  in 
  addition 
  were 
  collected 
  by 
  the 
  original 
  

   discoverer 
  and 
  identified 
  by 
  the 
  original 
  describer, 
  one 
  might 
  well 
  be 
  selected 
  as 
  a 
  neotype. 
  

   They 
  are 
  flat, 
  thin, 
  and 
  have 
  a 
  yellow 
  hue. 
  

  

  Dimensions. 
  — 
  Length 
  55mm. 
  ; 
  height 
  52 
  mm. 
  

  

  Type. 
  — 
  Not 
  found 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  Recent. 
  San 
  Pedro, 
  California 
  (type) 
  ; 
  between 
  San 
  Pedro 
  and 
  San 
  Diego, 
  

   California 
  (Carpenter) 
  ; 
  Monterey 
  to 
  San 
  Diego, 
  California 
  (Burch) 
  

  

  Ostrea 
  lurida 
  forma 
  laticaudata 
  Carpenter 
  

  

  Ostrea 
  lurida 
  var. 
  laticaudata 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  S27, 
  615, 
  646, 
  Reprint. 
  1872, 
  p. 
  13, 
  101, 
  

   132; 
  1865. 
  Jour, 
  de 
  Conchyl., 
  vol. 
  13, 
  ser. 
  3, 
  vol. 
  V, 
  p. 
  137, 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  305; 
  Cooper, 
  

   1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  California, 
  p. 
  13; 
  Keen, 
  1937, 
  p. 
  23; 
  Burch, 
  1944, 
  no. 
  

   34, 
  p. 
  11; 
  Burch, 
  1945, 
  no. 
  45, 
  p. 
  6; 
  Hertlein 
  and 
  Strong, 
  1946, 
  Zoologica, 
  New 
  York 
  

   Zool. 
  Soc., 
  vol. 
  31, 
  pt. 
  2, 
  p. 
  55 
  form 
  usually 
  referred 
  to 
  as 
  O. 
  palmxda 
  Carpenter, 
  see 
  

   Dall, 
  1921, 
  p. 
  18; 
  Oldroyd, 
  1924, 
  p. 
  51; 
  Grant 
  and 
  Gale, 
  1931, 
  p. 
  152 
  in 
  part 
  

  

  For 
  Carpenter's 
  remarks 
  (1864b, 
  p. 
  615) 
  see 
  under 
  O. 
  lurida 
  expansa. 
  

  

  "Ostrea 
  var. 
  laticaudata, 
  Nutt. 
  MS. 
  Purple, 
  winged, 
  waved: 
  denticles 
  near 
  hinge. 
  Passes 
  

   towards 
  pahnula, 
  Maz. 
  Cat. 
  No. 
  214, 
  b." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  646] 
  

  

  See 
  also 
  the 
  original 
  description 
  of 
  O. 
  lurida. 
  

  

  Type. 
  — 
  Not 
  found^'^ 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  Puget 
  Sound, 
  Washington, 
  to 
  Gulf 
  of 
  California 
  (Burch). 
  (Type 
  locality, 
  

   southern 
  part 
  of 
  range 
  of 
  the 
  species, 
  Station?) 
  

  

  Ostrea 
  lurida 
  forma 
  rufoides 
  Carpenter 
  

  

  Ostrea 
  lurida 
  var. 
  rufoides 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  592, 
  615, 
  646; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  78, 
  101, 
  132; 
  

  

  1865, 
  Jour, 
  de 
  Conchyl., 
  vol. 
  XIII, 
  p. 
  138; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  306; 
  Keep, 
  1911, 
  West 
  Coast 
  

  

  Shells, 
  p. 
  56; 
  Dall, 
  1914, 
  Nautilus, 
  vol. 
  28, 
  no. 
  1, 
  p. 
  2; 
  Baily, 
  1935, 
  West 
  Coast 
  Shells 
  

  

  (Keep), 
  p. 
  49; 
  Burch. 
  1944, 
  no. 
  34, 
  p. 
  11 
  color 
  form 
  O. 
  lurida 
  

   Ostrea 
  (Conchoph. 
  var. 
  ?) 
  rufoides 
  Carpenter, 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  

  

  California, 
  p. 
  13 
  . 
  . 
  „ 
  

  

  " 
  Another 
  species, 
  elongated, 
  solid, 
  allied 
  to 
  Virginica 
  var. 
  [rufoides]. 
  San 
  Diego.' 
  

  

  [Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  592] 
  

  

  "Ostrea 
  ? 
  var. 
  rufoides 
  = 
  rtifa, 
  Gld. 
  (non 
  Lam.). 
  Passing 
  toward 
  Virginica, 
  jun. 
  Thm, 
  

   with 
  umbos 
  hollowed: 
  reddish 
  in 
  scar-region. 
  Also 
  fossil." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  646] 
  

  

  "? 
  Var. 
  rufoides: 
  t. 
  'O. 
  Virginicae' 
  jun. 
  simili 
  ; 
  sed 
  tenuissima, 
  luteo-rufa, 
  intus 
  rufo 
  

   tincta 
  ; 
  umbonibus 
  concavis. 
  

  

  "Hab. 
  S. 
  Diego, 
  Cassidy, 
  Cooper. 
  Fossile 
  a 
  San 
  Pablo, 
  20 
  pieds 
  au-dessus 
  de 
  la 
  haute 
  

   maree, 
  Newberry." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1865g, 
  p. 
  138] 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Carpenter 
  Collection 
  in 
  the 
  Redpath 
  Aluseum 
  are 
  the 
  following 
  three 
  suites 
  of 
  

   specimens 
  labelled 
  by 
  Carpenter 
  as 
  this 
  forma. 
  The 
  characters 
  of 
  the 
  specimens 
  correspond 
  

   to 
  the 
  original 
  remarks, 
  but 
  (3) 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  one 
  which 
  might 
  be 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  collection. 
  

  

  (1) 
  Glass 
  mount 
  of 
  5 
  specimens 
  ; 
  San 
  Diego 
  Bay, 
  8 
  fathoms 
  Hemphill 
  

  

  (2) 
  Glass 
  mount 
  of 
  6 
  specimens 
  ; 
  Catalina 
  Island, 
  30 
  fathoms 
  Cooper 
  

  

  (3) 
  Glass 
  mount 
  of 
  specimen 
  ; 
  fossil 
  ; 
  San 
  Pablo 
  ; 
  New'berry 
  

  

  i^Not 
  in 
  British 
  Museum 
  (Natural 
  History) 
  (G. 
  L. 
  Wilkins, 
  Mollusca 
  Section, 
  May 
  22, 
  

   1930, 
  personal 
  communication). 
  

  

  