﻿PELECYPODA 
  

  

  73 
  

  

  Family 
  Mytilidae 
  

   Genus 
  Modiolus 
  Lamarck, 
  1799-2 
  

   {VolseUa 
  Scopoli, 
  1777, 
  p. 
  397) 
  

   A/orf/o/irj 
  Lamarck, 
  1799, 
  Mem. 
  Soc. 
  Hist. 
  nat. 
  Paris, 
  p. 
  87 
  

  

  Type 
  species 
  by 
  absolute 
  tautonymy, 
  Mytihis 
  modiolus 
  Linnaeus, 
  1758, 
  Syst. 
  Nat., 
  p. 
  /OO. 
  

   Living. 
  Circumboreal. 
  Northern 
  Europe, 
  western 
  Atlantic 
  from 
  the 
  Arctic 
  to 
  northeast 
  

   Florida 
  (Abbott, 
  1954) 
  ; 
  Eastern 
  Pacific 
  from 
  the 
  Arctic 
  to 
  San 
  Pedro, 
  California 
  (Dall, 
  

   1921). 
  Ree\'e, 
  1857, 
  Conch. 
  Icon., 
  Modiola, 
  vol. 
  X, 
  pi. 
  I, 
  fig. 
  1, 
  fig. 
  2; 
  Abbott, 
  19o4, 
  p. 
  

   351,fig. 
  26j 
  ^ 
  ^ 
  , 
  TT- 
  u 
  

  

  For 
  extended 
  bibliography 
  of 
  Modiolus 
  modiolus 
  (L.), 
  see 
  Dautzenberg 
  and 
  Fischer 
  

  

  (1912, 
  p. 
  363-366), 
  as 
  Volsella. 
  

  

  Modiolus 
  fornicatus 
  (Carpenter) 
  

   (PI. 
  4, 
  figs. 
  10-12) 
  

  

  Modiola 
  fornicata 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b. 
  p. 
  536, 
  643; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  22, 
  129; 
  1865, 
  Ann. 
  Mag. 
  

   Nat 
  Hist 
  ser. 
  3, 
  vol. 
  XV, 
  p. 
  179; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  280; 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  

   Geol. 
  Sur. 
  California, 
  p. 
  11 
  ; 
  1870, 
  Amcr. 
  Jour. 
  Conch., 
  vol. 
  VI, 
  p. 
  55; 
  Keep, 
  1887, 
  West 
  

   Coast 
  Shells, 
  p. 
  173; 
  Williamson, 
  1892, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  15, 
  p. 
  191 
  

   Modiolus 
  fornicatus 
  (Carpenter). 
  Arnold, 
  1903. 
  p. 
  120; 
  Keep, 
  1911. 
  West 
  Coast 
  Shells, 
  p. 
  

   36 
  ("Gld.") 
  ; 
  Dall, 
  1921, 
  p. 
  22; 
  Oldroyd, 
  1924b, 
  p. 
  69; 
  Keen, 
  1937, 
  p. 
  22; 
  Soot-Ryen, 
  

   1955, 
  Allan 
  Hancock 
  Pac. 
  Exped., 
  vol. 
  20, 
  no. 
  1, 
  p. 
  62, 
  pi. 
  6, 
  fig. 
  26 
  . 
  ,. 
  

  

  Volsella 
  fornicata 
  (Carpenter), 
  Grant 
  and 
  Gale, 
  1931. 
  p. 
  251; 
  Burch, 
  1944, 
  no. 
  36, 
  p. 
  14; 
  

   1945, 
  no. 
  45. 
  p. 
  8; 
  Smith 
  and 
  Gordon, 
  1948, 
  California 
  Acad. 
  Sci., 
  Proc, 
  ser. 
  4, 
  vol. 
  

   XXVL 
  p. 
  171 
  

  

  "Short, 
  swollen, 
  like 
  large 
  M. 
  marmorata; 
  but 
  smooth, 
  not 
  crenated." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  

   p. 
  643] 
  

  

  The 
  description 
  of 
  1865 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  was 
  reprinted 
  by 
  Oldroyd. 
  Her 
  statement 
  that 
  the 
  

   type 
  is 
  in 
  Mrs. 
  Bryce 
  collection 
  in 
  Utica, 
  New 
  York, 
  is 
  out 
  of 
  date 
  and 
  should 
  not 
  be 
  con- 
  

   tinued. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  should 
  be 
  added 
  to 
  make 
  the 
  copy 
  in 
  Oldroyd 
  complete: 
  

  

  "Long. 
  1.4, 
  lat. 
  .76, 
  alt. 
  .95. 
  

  

  "Hab. 
  Sta. 
  Barbara 
  {Jewctt); 
  Monterey 
  (Taylor)." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1865h, 
  p. 
  179] 
  

  

  The 
  holotype, 
  one 
  specimen 
  of 
  both 
  valves, 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  Redpath 
  Museum. 
  The 
  glass 
  tablet 
  

   upon 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  mounted 
  has 
  in 
  Carpenter's 
  handwriting, 
  "Type. 
  Col. 
  Jewett, 
  Sta. 
  Barbara." 
  

  

  The 
  holotype, 
  therefore, 
  represents 
  the 
  first 
  specimen 
  mentioned 
  by 
  Carpenter, 
  i.e., 
  the 
  one 
  

   collected 
  by 
  Col. 
  Jewett. 
  

  

  Holotype. 
  — 
  Redpath 
  Museum, 
  no. 
  3133 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  Recent 
  Santa 
  Barbara, 
  California 
  (type) 
  ; 
  Monterey, 
  Trinidad 
  to 
  San 
  

   Pedro 
  and 
  Cortez 
  Bank, 
  California 
  (Dall, 
  1921). 
  Reported 
  from 
  Pliocene 
  and 
  Pleistocene 
  of 
  

   California 
  and 
  Pleistocene 
  of 
  Lower 
  California 
  (Grant 
  and 
  Gale, 
  1931). 
  

  

  "Modiola 
  planata" 
  Carpenter 
  

   "Modiola 
  planata" 
  Carpenter 
  is 
  a 
  nomen 
  nudum. 
  The 
  type 
  material 
  consists 
  of 
  three 
  

   double 
  valves 
  in 
  the 
  Redpath 
  Museum 
  (No. 
  108). 
  They 
  are 
  on 
  the 
  original 
  glass 
  mounts 
  

   and 
  were 
  labelled 
  by 
  Carpenter 
  "MS. 
  type 
  Beach 
  at 
  Panama 
  Bradley." 
  Photographs 
  of 
  the 
  

   types 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  author's 
  collection. 
  The 
  discussion 
  of 
  the 
  name 
  will 
  be 
  reserved 
  for 
  the 
  paper 
  

   on 
  the 
  Carpenter 
  types 
  of 
  the 
  Panama 
  and 
  Lower 
  California 
  region. 
  Tomlin 
  used 
  the 
  name 
  in 
  

   his 
  list 
  (1928, 
  p. 
  192), 
  stating 
  that 
  he 
  had 
  taken 
  the 
  name 
  from 
  the 
  British 
  Museum 
  collec- 
  

   tions. 
  The 
  name, 
  of 
  course, 
  has 
  no 
  validity. 
  The 
  specimens 
  belong 
  in 
  the 
  group 
  of 
  Modiolus 
  

   of 
  "Modiola 
  speciosa" 
  (Dunker) 
  (Reeve, 
  1857, 
  vol. 
  X, 
  Modiola, 
  pi. 
  VII, 
  fig. 
  35). 
  

  

  "Modiola" 
  nitens 
  Carpenter 
  

  

  "Modiola" 
  nitens 
  Carpenter, 
  1857, 
  in 
  Gould 
  and 
  Carpenter, 
  Zool. 
  Soc. 
  London, 
  Proc. 
  pt. 
  

   XXIV, 
  p. 
  202; 
  Carpenter, 
  1857, 
  Kept. 
  British 
  Assoc. 
  Adv. 
  Sci. 
  1856, 
  p. 
  227, 
  309, 
  349; 
  

  

  ^^Modiolus 
  Lamarck, 
  1799, 
  has 
  been 
  validated, 
  and 
  Volsella 
  Scopoli, 
  1777, 
  suppressed 
  

   (Opinion 
  325, 
  Opinions 
  and 
  Declarations 
  rendered 
  Inter. 
  Com. 
  Zool. 
  Nomen., 
  vol. 
  9, 
  pt. 
  16, 
  

   p. 
  251-266, 
  1955). 
  

  

  