﻿74 
  MARINE 
  MOLLUSCA 
  DESCRIBED 
  BY 
  P. 
  P. 
  CARPENTER 
  

  

  1860. 
  Smith 
  Misc. 
  Coll., 
  vol. 
  2, 
  art. 
  6, 
  p. 
  2; 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  535, 
  564, 
  616; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  21, 
  

   50, 
  102 
  

  

  This 
  specific 
  name 
  and 
  description 
  which 
  Carpenter 
  inserted 
  in 
  literature 
  in 
  1857 
  per- 
  

   tained 
  to 
  specimens 
  in 
  the 
  Gould 
  collection 
  labelled 
  from 
  California. 
  That 
  information 
  was 
  

   stated 
  by 
  Carpenter 
  (1964b), 
  in 
  three 
  respective 
  notations, 
  to 
  be 
  probably 
  an 
  erroneous 
  

   Cumingian 
  label. 
  Carpenter 
  (1864b, 
  p. 
  535) 
  suggested 
  tliat 
  the 
  species 
  was 
  = 
  M. 
  subpurpur- 
  

   cus 
  Mus. 
  Cum. 
  

  

  Volsclla 
  suhpnrpurea, 
  a 
  specimen 
  in 
  the 
  Cuming 
  Collection, 
  was 
  described 
  by 
  Dunker 
  

   (1856, 
  p. 
  362) 
  from 
  Senegal. 
  The 
  Mus. 
  Cuming 
  specimen 
  was 
  figured 
  by 
  Reeve 
  (1857, 
  Mo- 
  

   diola, 
  vol. 
  X, 
  pi. 
  Y]\\. 
  fig. 
  44). 
  That 
  specimen 
  may 
  be 
  the 
  one 
  referred 
  to 
  by 
  Carpenter 
  in 
  

   comparison. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  the 
  species 
  figured 
  by 
  Reeve 
  (1857, 
  pi. 
  V, 
  figs. 
  23, 
  24) 
  as 
  

   Modiola 
  nitcns 
  Carpenter, 
  which 
  name 
  was 
  applied 
  to 
  other 
  specimens 
  in 
  the 
  Museum 
  Cum- 
  

   ing. 
  Reeve 
  referred 
  M. 
  nifens 
  Carpenter 
  to 
  the 
  Mazatlan 
  Catalogue 
  which 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  place 
  of 
  

   description. 
  The 
  type 
  of 
  M. 
  nitcns 
  was 
  from 
  the 
  Gould 
  Collection. 
  Its 
  whereabouts 
  has 
  not 
  

   yet 
  been 
  traced. 
  

  

  Genus 
  Adula 
  H. 
  and 
  A. 
  Adams, 
  1857 
  

  

  Adula 
  H. 
  AND 
  A. 
  Adams, 
  1857, 
  Genera 
  of 
  Recent 
  Alollusca, 
  vol. 
  II, 
  p. 
  517. 
  Not 
  Adula 
  

  

  Adams, 
  1861, 
  Zool. 
  Soc. 
  London, 
  Proc, 
  p. 
  145_ 
  

   Type 
  species 
  by 
  monotypy, 
  Mvtilus 
  solenijormis 
  d'Orbigny, 
  1846, 
  Voy. 
  Amer. 
  Merid., 
  p. 
  

  

  649. 
  Living. 
  Paita, 
  Peru. 
  D'Orbigny, 
  1846, 
  Voy. 
  Amer. 
  Merid., 
  pi. 
  85, 
  figs. 
  17, 
  18 
  

  

  Adula 
  californiensis 
  (Pliilippi) 
  

  

  (PI. 
  4, 
  figs. 
  1-4) 
  

  

  Modiola 
  californiensis 
  (Eschscholtz), 
  Philippi, 
  1847, 
  Zeitschr. 
  Malak. 
  1847, 
  4 
  p. 
  113 
  

   Lithophagns 
  sp. 
  ind., 
  like 
  falcafus 
  Wm. 
  Cooper, 
  1860, 
  N. 
  Pac. 
  R.R., 
  Rept. 
  Mollusca, 
  app. 
  

  

  no. 
  6, 
  p. 
  380 
  fide 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  599 
  

   Adula 
  stvlina 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  Aug., 
  p. 
  599, 
  627, 
  644, 
  669; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  85, 
  113. 
  130, 
  

  

  155; 
  1864, 
  Dec, 
  Ann. 
  Mag. 
  Nat. 
  Hist., 
  ser. 
  3, 
  vol. 
  XIV, 
  p. 
  425; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  237; 
  J. 
  

  

  G. 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  California, 
  p. 
  11; 
  Packard, 
  1918, 
  Univ. 
  

  

  California 
  Pub. 
  Zool., 
  vol. 
  14, 
  no. 
  2, 
  p. 
  260, 
  pi. 
  18, 
  fig. 
  5 
  

   Botula 
  (Adula) 
  californiensis 
  Philippi, 
  Dall, 
  1916, 
  Nautilus, 
  vol. 
  30, 
  no. 
  1, 
  p. 
  2; 
  Dall, 
  1921, 
  

  

  p. 
  22; 
  Oldroyd, 
  1924b, 
  p. 
  71, 
  pi. 
  27, 
  fig. 
  5 
  same 
  fig. 
  as 
  Packard; 
  Burgh, 
  1944, 
  no. 
  37, 
  p. 
  

  

  6 
  ; 
  BuRCH, 
  1945, 
  no. 
  45, 
  p. 
  8 
  

   Adula 
  californiensis 
  Philippi, 
  Soot-Ryen, 
  1955, 
  Allan 
  Hancock 
  Pac. 
  Exped., 
  vol. 
  20, 
  no. 
  1, 
  

  

  p. 
  90, 
  pi. 
  9, 
  fig. 
  50, 
  text 
  figs. 
  73-74 
  

  

  "M. 
  testa 
  subcylindrica, 
  laevigata, 
  rufofusca, 
  in 
  medio 
  ab 
  umbonibus 
  ad 
  marginem 
  ven- 
  

   tralem 
  utrinque 
  impressa; 
  rosta 
  elcvata, 
  obtusa, 
  ab 
  apice 
  ad 
  extremitatem 
  posticam 
  decur- 
  

   rcnte 
  ; 
  apicibus 
  ad 
  1/7-1/8 
  longitudinis 
  sitis. 
  Long. 
  17", 
  alt. 
  4^"; 
  crass. 
  Sj/j". 
  

  

  "Modiola 
  (Pholas 
  lapsus 
  calami) 
  californiensis 
  Eschsch. 
  in 
  Musaeo 
  Dorpatensi. 
  

  

  "Patria: 
  California, 
  legit 
  cl. 
  Eschscholtz. 
  

  

  "Species 
  insignis, 
  intermedia 
  inter 
  Lithophagos 
  sic 
  dictos 
  et 
  Modiolam 
  cinnamomeam 
  afl^in- 
  

   esque. 
  Forma 
  fere 
  exacte 
  cylindrica, 
  sed 
  margo 
  ventralis 
  aliquantulum 
  concavus. 
  Umbones 
  

   prominuli, 
  in 
  specimine 
  unico, 
  quod 
  examinandum 
  mihi 
  benevole 
  communicavit 
  cl. 
  de 
  Mid- 
  

   dcndorfif, 
  decorticati. 
  Costa 
  obtusissima 
  ab 
  apice 
  ad 
  extremita 
  — 
  tem 
  posticam 
  decurrens 
  valde 
  

   distincta, 
  ita 
  ut 
  maxima 
  crassities 
  non 
  in 
  apicum 
  regione 
  sed 
  in 
  dimidia 
  longitudine 
  sit. 
  Ante 
  

   illam 
  depressio 
  notabilis. 
  Extrcmitas 
  postica 
  subtruncata, 
  linea 
  oblique 
  adsccndente 
  in 
  mar- 
  

   ginem 
  dorsalem 
  rectilineum 
  transit; 
  antica 
  augustior 
  adscendens 
  rotundata 
  est. 
  Musculus 
  ad- 
  

   ductor 
  anticus 
  satis 
  magnus." 
  f 
  Pliilippi, 
  1847, 
  p. 
  113| 
  

  

  "Shorter, 
  broader; 
  epidermis 
  brown, 
  glossy." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  644] 
  

  

  ".■\. 
  testa 
  cylindracea, 
  lithophogoidea, 
  laevi, 
  tenuissima, 
  parum 
  arcuata, 
  subnacrea, 
  albida, 
  

   postice 
  interdum 
  livido 
  tincta; 
  epidermide 
  nitene, 
  laevi, 
  solidiore, 
  nigro-fusca: 
  testa 
  jun. 
  typice 
  

   modiolacformi, 
  umbonibus 
  subanticis, 
  obtusissimis 
  ; 
  margine 
  dorsali 
  antice 
  (rarissime 
  paulu- 
  

   lum. 
  testa 
  minima, 
  postice) 
  tenuiter 
  crenulato: 
  testa 
  adulta 
  marginibus 
  dors, 
  et 
  ventr. 
  fere 
  

   parallelis, 
  ant. 
  et 
  post, 
  rotundatis 
  ; 
  umbonibus 
  dctritis, 
  hand 
  conspicuis, 
  circiter 
  sextantim 
  an- 
  

   tice 
  sitis 
  ; 
  incrustatione 
  baud 
  solida, 
  densissime 
  spongiosa, 
  aream 
  posticam 
  diagonalem 
  ten- 
  

   gente, 
  supra 
  valvas 
  prolongata, 
  appressa; 
  ligamento 
  interno, 
  postice 
  valde 
  prolongate; 
  pa- 
  

   gina 
  interna 
  pallida: 
  cicatr. 
  add. 
  postica 
  tumida, 
  pyriformi, 
  antica 
  (quoad 
  familiam) 
  maxima, 
  

   liaud 
  im]>ressa, 
  obKjn.ga 
  ; 
  cicatr. 
  pedali 
  antica 
  magna, 
  circulari, 
  impressa; 
  callositate 
  subum- 
  

   bonal 
  (testa 
  jun.) 
  cicatr. 
  pcdalem 
  versus 
  conspicua. 
  Long. 
  .155, 
  lat. 
  .4, 
  alt. 
  .5. 
  

  

  