﻿PELECyPODA 
  77 
  

  

  Pandora 
  (Kennerlia) 
  bicarinata 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  Aug., 
  p. 
  638; 
  Reprint, 
  1872,p. 
  124; 
  1864, 
  

   Nov.. 
  Zool. 
  Soc. 
  London, 
  Proc, 
  p. 
  603; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  232; 
  1869, 
  Cat. 
  Family 
  

   Pandoridae, 
  Acad. 
  Nat. 
  Sci. 
  Philadelphia, 
  p. 
  71; 
  Arnold, 
  1903, 
  p. 
  123, 
  pi. 
  XVIII, 
  fig. 
  2 
  

  

  Kennerlia 
  bicarinata 
  Carpenter, 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  California, 
  p. 
  4 
  

  

  Pandora 
  (Kenncrlyia) 
  bilirata 
  Conrad, 
  Dall, 
  1915, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat 
  Mus., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  49, 
  no. 
  2116, 
  

   p. 
  449 
  ; 
  Oldroyd, 
  1924b, 
  p. 
  89, 
  pi. 
  53, 
  figs. 
  8, 
  9 
  

  

  Pandora 
  {Kennerlia) 
  bilirata 
  (Conrad), 
  Dall, 
  1921, 
  p. 
  26; 
  Oldroyd, 
  1924, 
  Pub. 
  Puget 
  

   Sound 
  Biol. 
  Station, 
  vol. 
  4, 
  p. 
  30; 
  Grant 
  and 
  Gale, 
  1931, 
  p. 
  261; 
  Eyerdam, 
  1938, 
  

   Nautilus, 
  vol. 
  51, 
  no. 
  3, 
  p. 
  101; 
  Burch, 
  1944, 
  no. 
  38, 
  p. 
  3; 
  1945, 
  no. 
  45, 
  p. 
  9; 
  Hertlein 
  

   AND 
  Strong, 
  1946, 
  Zoologica, 
  New 
  York 
  Zool. 
  Soc, 
  vol. 
  31, 
  pt. 
  3, 
  p. 
  97 
  

  

  Conrad's 
  original 
  description 
  was 
  republished 
  by 
  Oldroyd 
  (1924b, 
  p. 
  89) 
  and 
  Grant 
  and 
  

   Gale 
  (1931, 
  p. 
  261). 
  Carpenter 
  suggested 
  that 
  his 
  species 
  might 
  be 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  P. 
  bilirata 
  

   Conrad. 
  

  

  The 
  original 
  description 
  and 
  illustration 
  of 
  the 
  holotype 
  of 
  P. 
  bicarinata 
  Carpenter 
  are 
  

   included 
  to 
  assist 
  in 
  the 
  verification 
  of 
  the 
  sj'nonymy 
  of 
  the 
  species. 
  The 
  type 
  of 
  P. 
  bilirata 
  

   Conrad 
  has 
  been 
  lost 
  (A. 
  A. 
  Olsson 
  and 
  John 
  D. 
  Parker, 
  May 
  10, 
  1950, 
  personal 
  communi- 
  

   cation). 
  The 
  type 
  is 
  not 
  at 
  the 
  Academy 
  of 
  Natural 
  Sciences, 
  Philadelphia, 
  Pennsylvania. 
  

  

  The 
  synonymy 
  and 
  discussion 
  of 
  P. 
  bilirata 
  is 
  not 
  intended 
  to 
  be 
  complete. 
  

  

  "K. 
  t. 
  'K. 
  filosae' 
  simili, 
  sed 
  baud 
  rostrata 
  ; 
  postice 
  latiore 
  ; 
  carinis 
  in 
  valva 
  convexa 
  

   duabus, 
  in 
  valva 
  planata 
  una, 
  ex 
  umbonibus 
  postice 
  decurrentibus 
  ; 
  lamina 
  prismatica 
  radiatim 
  

   sulcata, 
  baud 
  spongiosa 
  ; 
  valva 
  convexa 
  tenuiter 
  indentata 
  ; 
  ligamento 
  elongato, 
  tenuissimo. 
  

   Long. 
  .5, 
  lat. 
  .25, 
  alt. 
  .06 
  poll. 
  

  

  "Hab. 
  in 
  insula 
  Catalina, 
  Calitorniae; 
  40-60 
  uln., 
  rara 
  (Dr. 
  J. 
  G. 
  Cooper. 
  State 
  Geological 
  

   Survey 
  Coll. 
  No. 
  1063; 
  AIus. 
  Smithsonian 
  Inst.). 
  

  

  "The 
  shape 
  and 
  keels 
  at 
  once 
  distinguish 
  this 
  beautiful 
  little 
  species 
  from 
  its 
  Northern 
  

   ally, 
  with 
  which, 
  in 
  the 
  hinge 
  and 
  threading 
  of 
  the 
  outer 
  layer, 
  it 
  exactly 
  agrees. 
  The 
  

   ligament 
  in 
  both 
  species 
  is 
  extremely 
  thin, 
  holding 
  the 
  valves 
  together 
  from 
  the 
  umbo 
  to 
  the 
  

   posterior 
  end. 
  The 
  fossil 
  Pandora 
  bilirata, 
  Conr., 
  may 
  prove 
  identical 
  with 
  this 
  recent 
  species 
  ; 
  

   but 
  the 
  diagnosis, 
  figure, 
  and 
  type 
  specimen 
  are 
  so 
  imperfect 
  that 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  too 
  hazardous 
  

   to 
  affiliate 
  them." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1864c, 
  p. 
  603] 
  

  

  Holotype. 
  — 
  P. 
  bilirata 
  Conrad, 
  lost. 
  P. 
  bicarinata, 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum, 
  No. 
  592440 
  

   ("Cp. 
  1063"). 
  The 
  holotype 
  consists 
  of 
  both 
  valves 
  on 
  Carpenter's 
  original 
  glass 
  mount 
  with 
  

   the 
  original 
  label, 
  "Type 
  Sta. 
  Catalina 
  Cooper." 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  Catalina 
  Island 
  (type, 
  P. 
  bicarinata 
  Carpenter) 
  ; 
  "California" 
  (type, 
  

   P. 
  bilirata 
  Conrad) 
  ; 
  Drier 
  Bay, 
  Prince 
  William 
  Sound, 
  Alaska, 
  to 
  Point 
  Abreojos, 
  Lower 
  

   California 
  (Eyerdam 
  and 
  Dall) 
  

  

  Pandora 
  (Pandorella) 
  filosa 
  Carpenter 
  

   (PI. 
  6, 
  figs. 
  9-14) 
  

  

  Kennerlia 
  filosa 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  Aug., 
  p. 
  602, 
  638; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  88, 
  124; 
  1864, 
  Nov.. 
  

   Zool. 
  Soc 
  London, 
  Proc, 
  p. 
  602; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  231; 
  1865, 
  Acad. 
  Nat. 
  Sci. 
  Philadel- 
  

   phia, 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  17, 
  p. 
  55 
  

  

  Pandora 
  filosa 
  Carpenter, 
  Sowerby, 
  1870, 
  in 
  Reeve, 
  Conch. 
  Icon., 
  Pandora, 
  vol. 
  19, 
  pi. 
  II, 
  

   fig. 
  10a., 
  10b; 
  Packard, 
  1918, 
  Univ. 
  California, 
  Pub. 
  Zool., 
  vol. 
  14, 
  no. 
  2, 
  p. 
  261, 
  pi. 
  19, 
  

   figs. 
  2a, 
  2b 
  

  

  Pandora 
  (Kennerlia) 
  filosa 
  Carpenter, 
  1869, 
  Cat. 
  Familv 
  Pandoridae, 
  Acad. 
  Nat. 
  Sci. 
  

   Philadelphia, 
  p. 
  71 
  ; 
  Arnold, 
  1903, 
  June, 
  p. 
  124, 
  pl. 
  XVIII, 
  fig. 
  3 
  

  

  Kennerlia 
  filosa 
  Carpenter, 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  California, 
  p. 
  4 
  

   "(adult 
  of 
  bicarinata?)" 
  

  

  Pandora 
  (Kenncrleyia) 
  filosa 
  (Carpenter), 
  Dall, 
  1903, 
  Oct., 
  Wagner 
  Free 
  Inst. 
  Sci. 
  Phila- 
  

   delphia, 
  vol. 
  III. 
  pt. 
  VI, 
  p. 
  1517 
  

  

  Pandora 
  (Kenmrlyia) 
  filosa 
  (Carpenter), 
  Oldroyd, 
  1924b, 
  p. 
  88, 
  pl. 
  33. 
  figs. 
  2a, 
  2b 
  same 
  

   fig. 
  as 
  Packard, 
  1918, 
  Univ. 
  California 
  Pub. 
  Zool., 
  vol. 
  14, 
  no. 
  2, 
  pl. 
  19, 
  figs. 
  2a, 
  2b 
  

  

  Pandora 
  (Kennerlia) 
  filosa 
  Carpenter, 
  Dall, 
  1921, 
  p. 
  26; 
  Oldroyd, 
  1924, 
  Pub. 
  Puget 
  Sound 
  

   Biol. 
  Station, 
  vol. 
  4, 
  p. 
  28, 
  pl. 
  37, 
  figs 
  2a, 
  2b 
  same 
  fig. 
  as 
  Packard, 
  1918; 
  Grant 
  and 
  

   Gale. 
  1931, 
  p. 
  261 
  ; 
  Burch, 
  1944, 
  no. 
  38, 
  p. 
  3; 
  1945, 
  no. 
  45, 
  p. 
  9 
  

  

  "Kennerlia 
  filosa, 
  n.s. 
  and 
  n. 
  subg. 
  Several 
  living 
  specimens." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  602.] 
  

  

  "Kennerlia 
  filosa, 
  n.s. 
  New 
  subgenus 
  of 
  Pandora 
  with 
  ossicle: 
  outer 
  layer 
  radiately 
  grooved. 
  

   Shell 
  beaked." 
  [Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  638] 
  

  

  