﻿GASTROPODA 
  179 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  Recent. 
  San 
  Diego, 
  California 
  (type) 
  ; 
  Monterey, 
  California 
  to 
  San 
  Ignacio 
  

   Lagoon, 
  Lower 
  California 
  (Dall). 
  Cooper 
  (1888), 
  Arnold, 
  and 
  Bartsch 
  report 
  the 
  species 
  

   from 
  the 
  Pleistocene 
  (Arnold 
  in 
  Pliocene, 
  fide 
  Grant 
  and 
  Gale), 
  but 
  Woodring 
  (Woodring, 
  

   Bramlette, 
  and 
  Kew) 
  limited 
  the 
  species 
  to 
  the 
  Recent. 
  

  

  Bittium 
  (Semibittium) 
  rugatum 
  Carpenter 
  

  

  Bittium 
  rugatum 
  Carpenter, 
  1864h, 
  p. 
  539; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  25; 
  1866, 
  Ann. 
  Mag. 
  Nat. 
  Hist, 
  

   ser. 
  3, 
  vol. 
  XVII, 
  p. 
  276; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  323; 
  Arnold, 
  1903, 
  p. 
  295, 
  pi. 
  IV, 
  f^g. 
  11 
  

  

  Bittium 
  (Semibiftiiiiii) 
  rugatum 
  (Carpenter), 
  Bartsch, 
  1911, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  

   40, 
  p. 
  397, 
  pi. 
  56, 
  figs. 
  4 
  type 
  5; 
  Dall, 
  1921, 
  p. 
  146; 
  Oldroyd, 
  1927, 
  vol. 
  II, 
  pt. 
  Ill, 
  p. 
  23; 
  

   Grant 
  and 
  Gale, 
  1931, 
  p. 
  762; 
  Keen, 
  1939, 
  p. 
  31 
  ; 
  Burch, 
  1945, 
  no. 
  54, 
  p. 
  29, 
  31 
  ; 
  Wood- 
  

   ring, 
  Bramlette 
  and 
  Kew, 
  1946, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Geol. 
  Sur., 
  Prof. 
  Paper 
  207, 
  p. 
  67, 
  pi. 
  29, 
  fig. 
  19 
  

  

  Bittium 
  asperum 
  "Gabb," 
  Tryon, 
  1887, 
  Man. 
  Conch., 
  vol. 
  IX, 
  p. 
  153 
  in 
  part, 
  pi. 
  30, 
  fig. 
  7 
  = 
  

   B. 
  rugatum 
  copy 
  from 
  Reeve, 
  1865, 
  Conch. 
  Icon., 
  vol. 
  15, 
  Cerithium, 
  pi. 
  XIX,, 
  fig. 
  140. 
  

  

  Bittium 
  asperum 
  Carpenter, 
  1864, 
  p. 
  613, 
  655, 
  Reprint, 
  99, 
  141 
  ; 
  1865, 
  Jour, 
  de 
  Conchyl., 
  vol. 
  

   XIII, 
  p. 
  143; 
  Reprint, 
  p. 
  311 
  ; 
  1866, 
  Ann. 
  Mag. 
  Nat. 
  Hist., 
  ser. 
  3, 
  vol. 
  XVII. 
  p. 
  276; 
  Re- 
  

   print, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  323; 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  California, 
  p. 
  28; 
  William- 
  

   son 
  1892, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  Proc. 
  vol. 
  15, 
  no. 
  898, 
  p. 
  205 
  Cooper 
  

  

  Not 
  Bittium 
  asperum 
  Gabb, 
  1861, 
  Acad. 
  Nat. 
  Sci., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  13, 
  p. 
  368; 
  Arnold, 
  1903, 
  p. 
  

   291, 
  in 
  part 
  

  

  "Same 
  aspect: 
  [B. 
  quadrifilatuin] 
  upper 
  whirls 
  with 
  2 
  strong 
  and 
  2 
  faint 
  keels 
  over 
  less 
  

   prominent 
  ribs. 
  Bch. 
  — 
  40 
  fm. 
  Cp." 
  [B. 
  asperum, 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  655] 
  

  

  "B. 
  testa 
  B. 
  quadrifilato 
  forma, 
  magnitudine, 
  et 
  indole 
  simili, 
  sed 
  sculptura 
  intensiore 
  ; 
  

   eodem 
  vertice 
  nucleoso 
  abnormali 
  ; 
  sed, 
  vice 
  filorum, 
  costulis 
  spiralibus 
  costas 
  spirales 
  super- 
  

   antibus, 
  subnodulosis 
  ; 
  t. 
  jun. 
  costulis 
  ii, 
  anticis 
  majoribus, 
  alteris 
  minimis; 
  postea 
  plerumque 
  

   IV 
  subaequalibus, 
  interdum 
  iii. 
  interdum 
  aliis 
  intercalantibus 
  ; 
  sculptura 
  basali 
  intensiore; 
  

   costis 
  radiantibus 
  subarcuatis. 
  ? 
  = 
  Turbonilla 
  aspersa, 
  Gabb, 
  in 
  Proc, 
  Acad. 
  Nat. 
  Sc. 
  Phila- 
  

   delphia, 
  1861, 
  p. 
  368. 
  

  

  "Flab. 
  Sta. 
  Barbara, 
  fossil 
  in 
  Pleistocene 
  beds; 
  abundant 
  (Jcwett). 
  S. 
  Pedro, 
  San 
  Diego, 
  

   Catalina 
  Is. 
  30-40 
  fms. 
  (Cooper), 
  State 
  Col. 
  no. 
  591c. 
  

  

  "Mr. 
  Gabb 
  informs 
  me 
  that 
  his 
  Turbonilla 
  aspcra 
  is 
  a 
  Bittium. 
  Unfortunately 
  the 
  tj'pe 
  is 
  

   not 
  accessible 
  ; 
  and 
  as 
  the 
  diagnosis 
  would 
  fit 
  several 
  closely 
  allied 
  species, 
  it 
  cannot 
  be 
  said 
  

   with 
  precision 
  to 
  which 
  it 
  rightfully 
  applies. 
  As 
  this 
  is 
  the 
  commonest 
  of 
  the 
  group, 
  it 
  is 
  pre- 
  

   sumed 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  the 
  'Turbonilla' 
  intended. 
  Should 
  the 
  t3'pc, 
  however, 
  be 
  recovered, 
  and 
  prove 
  

   distinct, 
  tiiis 
  shell 
  should 
  take 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  B. 
  rugatum, 
  under 
  which 
  I 
  wrote 
  the 
  diagnosis, 
  

   and 
  which 
  was 
  unfortunately 
  printed 
  in 
  the 
  Brit. 
  Assoc. 
  Report, 
  p. 
  539. 
  The 
  fossil 
  specimens 
  

   are 
  in 
  much 
  better 
  condition 
  than 
  the 
  recent 
  shells 
  as 
  yet 
  discovered." 
  [B. 
  f 
  asperum 
  Car- 
  

   penter, 
  1866b, 
  p. 
  276] 
  

  

  Bartsch 
  published 
  a 
  detailed 
  description 
  and 
  illustrations, 
  including 
  a 
  figure 
  of 
  the 
  holotype 
  

   of 
  this 
  species. 
  

  

  Measurements. 
  — 
  Length 
  12 
  mm. 
  (holotype); 
  length 
  10.5 
  mm.; 
  diameter 
  3.5 
  mm.; 
  speci- 
  

   men 
  figured 
  by 
  Bartsch. 
  

  

  Holotype. 
  — 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum, 
  no. 
  7154 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  Pleistocene 
  (lower) 
  : 
  Santa 
  Barbara 
  formation, 
  Santa 
  Barbara, 
  California 
  

   (type 
  "two 
  miles 
  from 
  coast 
  and 
  150 
  feet 
  high," 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  539; 
  Arnold; 
  Oldroyd, 
  

   1925; 
  Bartsch; 
  Grant 
  and 
  Gale; 
  Willett, 
  1937; 
  Woodring, 
  Bramlette, 
  and 
  Kew); 
  Mexico, 
  

   (Jordan, 
  1926). 
  Recent. 
  San 
  Pedro 
  and 
  Catalina 
  Island, 
  California 
  (Dall), 
  to 
  Todos 
  Santos 
  

   Bay, 
  Lower 
  California 
  (Jordan) 
  

  

  Subgenus 
  Lirobittium 
  Bartsch, 
  1911 
  

  

  Lirobittium 
  Bartsch, 
  1911, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  40, 
  no. 
  1826, 
  p. 
  384 
  

  

  Type 
  species 
  by 
  original 
  designation, 
  B. 
  (L.) 
  catalinense 
  Bartsch, 
  1907, 
  Smith, 
  Misc., 
  Coll. 
  

  

  (Quart.), 
  vol. 
  50, 
  pt. 
  4, 
  p. 
  28, 
  pi. 
  57, 
  fig. 
  13; 
  Recent 
  and 
  Pleistocene. 
  California. 
  Bartsch, 
  

  

  1911, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  40, 
  no. 
  1826, 
  pi. 
  51, 
  fig. 
  1 
  

  

  Bittium 
  (Lirobittium) 
  interfossa 
  (Carpenter) 
  

  

  Rissoina 
  interfossa 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  613, 
  656; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  99, 
  142 
  not 
  as 
  Rissoa 
  

   as 
  stated 
  by 
  Bartsch, 
  1911, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat 
  Mus., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  40, 
  no. 
  1826, 
  p. 
  401 
  and 
  Oldroyd, 
  

   1927; 
  Carpenter 
  1866, 
  California 
  Acad. 
  Sci., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  Ill, 
  p. 
  217; 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  

   Cat. 
  AIoll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  California, 
  p. 
  29 
  ; 
  1870, 
  Amer. 
  Jour. 
  Conch., 
  vol. 
  VI, 
  p. 
  64 
  ; 
  Tryon, 
  

   1887, 
  Man. 
  Conch., 
  vol. 
  IX, 
  p. 
  392; 
  Keep, 
  1887, 
  West 
  Coast 
  Shells, 
  p. 
  65 
  

  

  Cerithiopsis 
  fortior 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  p. 
  537, 
  660: 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  23, 
  146; 
  1865, 
  Ann. 
  Mag. 
  

   Nat. 
  Hist., 
  ser. 
  3, 
  vol. 
  XV, 
  p. 
  397; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  287; 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  Cat. 
  Moll., 
  

  

  