﻿186 
  MARINE 
  MOLLUSCA 
  DESCRIBED 
  BY 
  P. 
  P. 
  CARPENTER 
  

  

  Not 
  Epitonium 
  jallacwsum 
  Dall, 
  1917, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  Proc. 
  vol. 
  53, 
  no. 
  2217, 
  p. 
  478 
  

  

  nomen 
  lutdum 
  

   Epitonium 
  {Kitidiscala) 
  jallaciosum 
  Dall, 
  1921, 
  p. 
  115 
  designated 
  Keep, 
  1911, 
  p. 
  183, 
  fig. 
  

  

  174; 
  Oldrovd, 
  1927, 
  vol. 
  II, 
  pt. 
  II, 
  p. 
  59 
  in 
  part; 
  Strong, 
  1931, 
  Nautilus, 
  vol. 
  45, 
  no. 
  2, 
  

  

  p. 
  70 
  

   Epitonium 
  (Nitidiscala) 
  tinctum 
  Strong, 
  1930, 
  San 
  Diego 
  Soc. 
  Nat. 
  Hist., 
  vol. 
  VI, 
  no. 
  7, 
  

  

  p. 
  193 
  in 
  part; 
  Grant 
  and 
  Gale, 
  1931, 
  p. 
  859 
  in 
  part; 
  Bailv, 
  1935, 
  West 
  Coast 
  Sliells 
  

  

  (Keep), 
  p. 
  180, 
  fig. 
  153 
  same 
  as 
  Keep, 
  1911, 
  fig. 
  174 
  

   Not 
  Epitonium 
  jallaciosum 
  Woodring, 
  1931, 
  Nautilus, 
  vol. 
  45, 
  no. 
  1, 
  p. 
  31 
  = 
  /:. 
  coopcri 
  

  

  Strong, 
  1930, 
  p. 
  196 
  expl. 
  fig. 
  7 
  paratype 
  

  

  The 
  points 
  of 
  the 
  question 
  of 
  the 
  validity 
  of 
  E. 
  jallaciosum 
  Dall 
  (1917, 
  p. 
  478) 
  are 
  clearly 
  

   and 
  adequately 
  enumerated 
  by 
  Strong 
  (1931 
  p. 
  70). 
  Authors 
  must 
  agree 
  with 
  Strong 
  that 
  

   Dall 
  (1917) 
  did 
  not 
  give 
  an 
  adequate 
  description 
  of 
  E. 
  jallaciosum. 
  Dall 
  plainly 
  stipulated 
  

   why 
  he 
  was 
  giving 
  a 
  new 
  name 
  and 
  to 
  what 
  in 
  general, 
  but 
  he 
  did 
  not 
  give 
  a 
  description, 
  

   figure, 
  or 
  type. 
  Therefore, 
  the 
  name 
  is 
  a 
  nomcn 
  )iudum 
  in 
  1917. 
  The 
  writer 
  agrees 
  with 
  

   Strong 
  that 
  Dall's 
  "well-known 
  form 
  from 
  California 
  which 
  has 
  11 
  to 
  14 
  varices" 
  would 
  not 
  

   help 
  in 
  differentiating 
  the 
  species. 
  Certain 
  critical 
  points 
  of 
  the 
  history 
  of 
  E. 
  jallaciosum 
  are 
  

   repeated. 
  The 
  specific 
  name 
  is 
  included 
  herein, 
  because 
  its 
  identification 
  is 
  associated 
  with 
  

   two 
  of 
  Carpenter's 
  species, 
  E. 
  hindsii 
  and 
  E. 
  tinctum. 
  

  

  Certainly 
  in 
  Dall's 
  first 
  mention 
  of 
  E. 
  jallaciosum 
  (1917) 
  the 
  name 
  is 
  a 
  nomen 
  nudum. 
  

   But 
  Dall 
  (1921) 
  specified 
  a 
  description 
  and 
  illustration 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  when 
  he 
  gave 
  the 
  

   reference 
  to 
  Keep 
  (1911, 
  \). 
  183, 
  Fig. 
  174). 
  This 
  reference 
  satisfies 
  the 
  rules 
  of 
  nomenclature 
  

   (Art. 
  25a 
  and 
  Opinion 
  no. 
  1 
  and 
  validates 
  the 
  specific 
  name 
  from 
  Dall 
  (1921, 
  not 
  1917). 
  

   This 
  may 
  change 
  the 
  original 
  meaning 
  of 
  Dall 
  (1917), 
  but 
  since 
  that 
  usuage 
  may 
  have 
  

   applied 
  to 
  Carpenter's 
  museum 
  label 
  it 
  has 
  no 
  status 
  under 
  tlic 
  International 
  Zoological 
  Code 
  

   (Opinion 
  no. 
  1). 
  

  

  Woodring's 
  (1931) 
  designation 
  of 
  the 
  museum 
  specimen 
  which 
  Dall 
  probably 
  had 
  in 
  

   mind 
  would 
  not 
  validate 
  the 
  species 
  because 
  it 
  would 
  lack 
  a 
  description 
  .and 
  figure. 
  In 
  this 
  

   case 
  Woodring 
  designated 
  a 
  specimen 
  which 
  had 
  been, 
  subsequent 
  to 
  Dall's 
  (1917) 
  invalid 
  

   mention 
  of 
  E. 
  jallaciosum, 
  included 
  under 
  and 
  figured 
  as 
  a 
  paratype 
  of 
  a 
  new 
  species 
  E. 
  

   cooperi 
  by 
  Strong 
  (1930, 
  p. 
  194, 
  PI. 
  20, 
  fig. 
  7). 
  But 
  Dall 
  had 
  already 
  (1921) 
  validated 
  his 
  

   species 
  by 
  a 
  different 
  selection. 
  The 
  specimen 
  of 
  Keep 
  (1911, 
  Fig. 
  174) 
  is 
  the 
  holotype 
  of 
  

   E. 
  jallaciosmn 
  Dall 
  (1921). 
  Keep's 
  description 
  is 
  included 
  herein: 
  

  

  "In 
  Figure 
  174 
  is 
  shown 
  the 
  beautiful 
  shell 
  of 
  Epitonium 
  hindsii, 
  Cpr., 
  (Scala 
  hindsii), 
  

   the 
  white 
  Wentletrap. 
  

  

  "It 
  is 
  pure 
  white 
  in 
  color, 
  very 
  delicate, 
  and 
  is 
  generally 
  less 
  than 
  an 
  inch 
  in 
  length. 
  The 
  

   whorls 
  are 
  very 
  distinct, 
  finely 
  rounded, 
  and 
  each 
  one 
  is 
  crossed 
  by 
  about 
  twelve 
  thin, 
  sharp 
  

   ridges. 
  These 
  shells 
  are 
  so 
  highly 
  prized 
  that 
  they 
  have 
  been 
  worn 
  as 
  the 
  drops 
  of 
  ear-rings. 
  

   . 
  . 
  . 
  The 
  white 
  Wentle 
  trap 
  is 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  southern 
  shores 
  of 
  California." 
  

  

  Strong 
  Ix^lieved 
  that 
  E. 
  jallaciosum 
  Dall 
  (1921, 
  not 
  1917) 
  is 
  equivalent 
  to 
  E. 
  tinctum 
  

   Carpenter 
  (1864, 
  1865). 
  From 
  a 
  comparison 
  of 
  the 
  illustration 
  of 
  the 
  lecotype 
  of 
  E. 
  tinctum 
  

   with 
  Keep 
  (1911, 
  Fig. 
  174) 
  this 
  view 
  would 
  seem 
  to 
  be 
  justified. 
  

  

  Holotype. 
  — 
  Specimen 
  of 
  Keep 
  (1911, 
  Fig. 
  174), 
  whereabouts 
  unknown 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  Southern 
  California 
  (Keep) 
  

  

  Epitonium 
  (Nitidiscala) 
  indianorum 
  (Carpenter) 
  

   (PI. 
  20, 
  figs. 
  23, 
  24) 
  

  

  Scalaria 
  indianorum 
  Carpenter, 
  1864b, 
  628, 
  660, 
  683; 
  Reprint. 
  1872, 
  p. 
  114, 
  146, 
  169; 
  1865; 
  

   Ann. 
  Mag. 
  Nat. 
  Hist., 
  ser. 
  3, 
  vol. 
  XV, 
  p. 
  31; 
  Reprint, 
  1872, 
  p. 
  244; 
  Cooper, 
  1867, 
  Geog. 
  

   Cat. 
  Moll., 
  Geol. 
  Sur. 
  California, 
  p. 
  34; 
  1870, 
  Amer. 
  Jour. 
  Conch., 
  vol. 
  VI, 
  p. 
  67 
  ? 
  fide 
  

   Smith 
  and 
  Gordon; 
  Sowkkhv 
  /); 
  Reeve, 
  1873, 
  Conch. 
  Icon., 
  vol. 
  19, 
  Scalaria, 
  ? 
  pi. 
  XI, 
  

   fig. 
  81 
  ; 
  Tryon, 
  1887, 
  Man. 
  Conch., 
  vol. 
  IX, 
  p. 
  70, 
  ? 
  pi. 
  14, 
  figs. 
  48 
  copy 
  Reeve, 
  1873, 
  

   Conch. 
  Icon., 
  vol. 
  19, 
  pi. 
  XI, 
  fig. 
  81 
  ; 
  Keep, 
  1887, 
  West 
  Coast 
  Shells, 
  p. 
  50; 
  Cooper, 
  1888, 
  

   7th 
  Ann. 
  Rept. 
  California 
  State 
  Min. 
  Bur., 
  p. 
  263 
  

  

  Scala 
  itidianorum 
  (Carpenter), 
  Williamson, 
  1892, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  XV, 
  no. 
  

   898, 
  p. 
  210; 
  Arnold, 
  1903, 
  p. 
  264, 
  pi. 
  V, 
  fig. 
  4 
  

  

  Epitonium 
  ( 
  Nitiacscala) 
  indianorum 
  (Carpenter), 
  Dall, 
  1917, 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  

   53, 
  no. 
  2217, 
  p. 
  477; 
  1921, 
  p. 
  115; 
  Oldrovd. 
  1924, 
  Pub. 
  Pugct 
  Sound 
  Biol. 
  Station, 
  vol. 
  4, 
  

   p. 
  107; 
  1927, 
  vol. 
  II, 
  ])t. 
  II, 
  p. 
  57; 
  Strong, 
  1930, 
  San 
  Diego 
  Soc 
  Nat. 
  Hist., 
  vol. 
  VI, 
  

  

  