﻿190 
  MARINE 
  MOLLUSCA 
  DESCRIBED 
  BY 
  P. 
  P. 
  CARPENTER 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  a 
  broken 
  specimen 
  in 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum 
  which 
  was 
  labelled 
  "type? 
  

   Cooper." 
  Some 
  later 
  investigator 
  added 
  "?" 
  in 
  pencil 
  and 
  marked 
  it 
  "paratype." 
  However, 
  

   the 
  first 
  specimen 
  mentioned 
  by 
  Carpenter 
  was 
  a 
  "fragment" 
  from 
  Alonterey, 
  which 
  would 
  

   coincide 
  with 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum 
  specimen. 
  The 
  syntypcs 
  from 
  San 
  Diego 
  and 
  San 
  

   Pedro 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  found. 
  

  

  Arnold's 
  figure 
  is 
  a 
  good 
  representation 
  of 
  tlie 
  species. 
  

  

  Lcctotype. 
  — 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum, 
  no. 
  14831b 
  

  

  Distribution. 
  — 
  Recent. 
  Monterey, 
  California 
  (type) 
  ; 
  Monterey 
  to 
  San 
  Diego, 
  California 
  

   (Dall). 
  Pleistocene. 
  s'' 
  California 
  (Cooper; 
  Arnold; 
  Grant 
  and 
  Gale; 
  Willctt, 
  1937) 
  

  

  Genus 
  Opalia 
  H. 
  and 
  A. 
  Adams, 
  1853 
  

   (Psyclirosoiiia 
  Tapparone 
  — 
  Canefri, 
  1876.) 
  

  

  Opalia 
  H. 
  and 
  A. 
  Adams, 
  1853, 
  Gen. 
  Rec. 
  Moll., 
  vol. 
  I, 
  Nov., 
  p. 
  222. 
  Clench 
  and 
  Turner, 
  

  

  1950, 
  Johnsonia, 
  vol. 
  2, 
  no. 
  29, 
  p. 
  231 
  selection 
  of 
  type 
  species 
  of 
  Psyclirosoiiia 
  Tapparone- 
  

  

  Canefri, 
  1876 
  

   Type 
  species 
  by 
  subsequent 
  designation, 
  de 
  Boury, 
  1886, 
  Mon. 
  Scalidae 
  Viv. 
  Fos., 
  i)t. 
  I, 
  

  

  Crisposcala, 
  p. 
  XXV, 
  Opalia 
  australis 
  Lamarck, 
  1843, 
  An. 
  sans 
  Vert., 
  2d 
  ed., 
  vol. 
  IX, 
  p. 
  

  

  76. 
  Recent 
  Australia. 
  Sowerby 
  in 
  Reeve, 
  1874, 
  Conch. 
  Icon., 
  vol. 
  19, 
  Scalaria, 
  pi. 
  1, 
  fig. 
  3; 
  

  

  Tryon, 
  1887, 
  Man. 
  Conch., 
  vol. 
  IX, 
  pi. 
  16, 
  fig. 
  90; 
  Durham, 
  1937, 
  Jour. 
  Paleoiit., 
  vol. 
  II, 
  

  

  no. 
  6, 
  pi. 
  56, 
  fig. 
  2 
  

  

  Opalia 
  evicta 
  de 
  P.oury 
  

   (PI. 
  20, 
  fig. 
  22) 
  

  

  Opalia 
  pltiricostata 
  Carpenter, 
  ms 
  : 
  Dall, 
  1917 
  = 
  O. 
  evicta 
  de 
  Boury, 
  1919, 
  Jour, 
  de 
  

  

  Conchyl., 
  vol. 
  LXIV, 
  p. 
  36 
  

   Scala 
  (Cirostrenia) 
  [sic] 
  montereycnsis 
  Dall, 
  1907, 
  Nautilus, 
  vol. 
  20, 
  no. 
  11, 
  p. 
  128. 
  For 
  

  

  remainder 
  of 
  synonymy 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  see 
  Berry, 
  1948, 
  Jour. 
  Ent. 
  Zool., 
  vol. 
  40, 
  no. 
  1, 
  

  

  p. 
  15, 
  fig. 
  1-5 
  ; 
  BuKCH, 
  1948, 
  no. 
  79, 
  p. 
  5. 
  Not 
  S. 
  hcllcnica 
  montereycnsis 
  de 
  Bouky, 
  1889 
  

  

  nor 
  Epitonium 
  monterycnsc 
  Dall, 
  1917 
  = 
  S. 
  rcyionwntana 
  Dall 
  in 
  de 
  Boury, 
  1919 
  

   Opalia 
  pluricostata 
  Berry, 
  1907, 
  Nautilus, 
  vol. 
  21, 
  no. 
  4, 
  p. 
  42 
  no 
  description; 
  Dall, 
  1917, 
  

  

  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  Proc, 
  vol. 
  53, 
  no. 
  2217, 
  p. 
  473 
  museum 
  label 
  of 
  Carpenter; 
  not 
  O. 
  

  

  pluricostata 
  de 
  Boury, 
  1913, 
  Jour, 
  de 
  Conchyl., 
  vol. 
  61, 
  p. 
  97 
  

   Scalaria 
  {Opalia) 
  ezncta 
  de 
  Boury, 
  1919, 
  Jour, 
  de 
  Conchyl., 
  vol. 
  64, 
  p. 
  Z6 
  not 
  vol. 
  44, 
  as 
  in 
  

  

  Dall, 
  1921, 
  or 
  Berry, 
  1948; 
  Strong, 
  1937, 
  Nautilus, 
  vol. 
  51, 
  no. 
  1, 
  p. 
  4, 
  6, 
  pi. 
  2, 
  fig. 
  11 
  ; 
  

  

  Keen, 
  1937, 
  p. 
  43 
  ; 
  Burch, 
  1948, 
  no. 
  79, 
  p. 
  S 
  

   Epitonium 
  {Opalia) 
  evictum 
  (de 
  Boury), 
  Dall, 
  1921, 
  p. 
  114; 
  Oldrovd, 
  1927, 
  vol. 
  II, 
  pt. 
  II, 
  

  

  p. 
  52; 
  BuRCH, 
  1945, 
  no. 
  52, 
  p. 
  17 
  

  

  Three 
  specimens 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  labelled 
  "Opalia 
  Imrcalis 
  var. 
  pluricostata 
  Carpenter 
  types 
  

   Neeah 
  [sic] 
  Bay, 
  W. 
  T. 
  J. 
  G. 
  Swan," 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum. 
  They 
  are 
  the 
  

   specimens 
  used 
  by 
  Dall 
  when 
  he 
  described 
  the 
  species. 
  

  

  The 
  name 
  was 
  one 
  given 
  by 
  Carpenter 
  on 
  a 
  label 
  or 
  in 
  manuscript. 
  A 
  photograph 
  of 
  one 
  

   of 
  the 
  syntypes 
  has 
  been 
  co-operatively 
  provided 
  by 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  National 
  Museum 
  (Smithsonian 
  

   Institution) 
  authorities. 
  

  

  Oldroyd 
  republished 
  De 
  Boury's 
  remarks 
  concerning 
  tlie 
  history 
  of 
  the 
  trivial 
  name. 
  

  

  It 
  has 
  been 
  suggested 
  by 
  Strong 
  (1937; 
  in 
  Burch, 
  1945) 
  that 
  this 
  name 
  is 
  synonymous 
  

   with 
  O. 
  montereycnsis 
  (Dall)86 
  (1907; 
  1917, 
  p. 
  477 
  not 
  p. 
  481) 
  in 
  that 
  the 
  type 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  

   is 
  young 
  Opalia 
  evicta. 
  Berry 
  (1948) 
  after 
  a 
  restudy 
  of 
  the 
  names 
  and 
  six^cimens 
  involved 
  

   agreed 
  that 
  O. 
  evicta 
  is 
  an 
  immature 
  O. 
  montereycnsis. 
  For 
  further 
  notes 
  regarding 
  that 
  

   species 
  see 
  Berry. 
  This 
  discussion 
  is 
  only 
  to 
  incorporate 
  the 
  portion 
  concerning 
  the 
  manu- 
  

   script 
  name 
  of 
  Carpenter. 
  

  

  The 
  name 
  Scalaria 
  montereycnsis 
  was 
  first 
  used 
  by 
  De 
  Boury 
  in 
  1889 
  (1919, 
  p. 
  39) 
  as 
  a 
  

   variety" 
  of 
  "S." 
  hellinca 
  Forbes 
  (1844) 
  which 
  he 
  later 
  separated 
  as 
  a 
  distinct 
  species. 
  Dall 
  

  

  s'' 
  Species 
  not 
  recorded 
  by 
  Durham 
  (1937) 
  is 
  oversiglit. 
  Durliam, 
  Oct. 
  2, 
  1950, 
  personal 
  

   communication. 
  

  

  86 
  Dall 
  (1907, 
  p. 
  128 
  as 
  Cirsotrenia; 
  Strong, 
  1937, 
  p. 
  7, 
  PI. 
  2, 
  fig. 
  12 
  type) 
  

  

  