68 



COPEPODA 



a temperature between + 0*49° C. and -=- 175° C. In the literature I was unable to find any further in- 

 formation about this species, but about M. pusillus G. O. Sars, which possibly is identical with it, a 

 good deal of information is found. According to Far ran (1910 PP- 98^99) it has been recorded from 

 several of the Norwegian fjords at considerable depths, and from the sea between Jan Mayen and 

 Finmarken. According to Paulsen a species, which Sars has determined as AI. pusilbis, but which 

 really is AI. pygmceus (cf. later on), occurred plentifully in a depth between 230 and 350 metres on the 

 north coast of Iceland (M/g 1^04 66°20 L. N. i2°io L. W.). In addition it has been recorded from the 

 Irish Sea, the west coast of Ireland, the whole Norwegian Sea, the Skager Rak, the Kattegat and 

 in the extreme S. W. Baltic off Bornholm. 



At Spitsbergen (8o°02 L. N. I7°02 L. E.) it was found l)y the "Due d'Orleans" in a depth of from 

 60— 30 ni. (Temp. 0-40— 027° C.) and by Hofsten and Bock (150 — 40 m. D.). 



The Belgian Antarctic as well as the National Antarctic Expedition has in the Antarctic Seas 

 collected a good number of a minute species by nets let down through holes in the ice to a depth 

 of 200—500 met.; they have been mentioned by Giesbrecht and Wolfenden respectively as 

 AI. pygmcBus and pusillus. The latter has pointed out that Giesbrecht's description refers to AI. pu- 

 sillus (viz. comparatively short antennulae). Giesbrecht's localities lie between 7i°i8 and 69°48 Lat. 

 South and 92°22 and 8i°i9 L,ong. W. If this identification is right, the species should certainly be found 

 in the deep sea all over the world. 



Remarks. I am fairly convinced, that the characters, which Sars has set forth to distinguish 

 Microcalaiius pygmwus and pusilbis viz: shape of St. pes IV and length of the antennulae are not 

 sufficient. In this point of view I have been even more convinced b\- examing some specimens from 

 the North of Iceland, placed at my disposal by the kindness of Dr. Paulsen and determined by 

 Professor Sars as AI. pusillus. Most of the specimens were young males with the antennulae reaching 

 about to the middle of the abdomen; the spinulation of the vSt. of the natatory legs was not very 

 coarse. In a single specimen (lengt 0-84 mm.) the vSt. j^es III has 16 dentations in proximal half in 

 contrast to Sars figure of AI. pusillus with 10 teeth, and to an adult female from Ingolf vSt. 8 witli 

 about 20. It seems evident to me that Paulsen's specimens ought to be referred to AI. fiygmcrtis, and 

 the fact that even such an authority as Sars has difficulty in distinguishing the two species from 

 each other, makes reservation necessary with regard to several identifications found in literature, and 

 bears out my doubts with regard to the validity of the two species. 



The partial value of the two main characters have been mentioned. According to vSars the 

 size of the adult si^ecimens of AI. pusillus scarcely exceeds 07 mm.; several of ni}- specimens are 

 smaller. Mrazek, who has examined (^ and $, varying in size from 060 to 075 suggests the possibility 

 of referring them to two species, and Kraeeft points out minor differences between his specimens of 

 AI. pusillus and Sars' decription. It ma)' be admitted that a careful re-examination of a good material 

 from the different localities is necessary before settling the qustion of the identification of the species. 



12. Clausocalanus arcuiformis Dana. 



(PI. I figs. 9 a— d). 



1849. Clausocalanus arcuiformis n. sp. Dana. 

 1892. — — Daua.Giesbrecht,pp. 1S5— 190, 



taf. I, 2, 10 and 36. 



1894. Clausocalanus arcuiformis Daua. Th. Scott, p. 73, pi. 8. 



1895. — — — Giesbrecht p. 248. 



