THli FAKMliK'S MAGAZlNi). 



321 



Sack-raisiug tackle ? — Yes. 



A root pulper ? — Yes. 



Are the bnildiuga troughed ? — Yes. 



Is the liquid manure allowed to run away ? — No. 



la your corn drilled ? — Yes. 



Do you use Garrett'u horse-hoe for your corn and root 

 crops ? — Yes. 



How much seed do you drill per acre .^ — Wheat, 4 to 5. 

 pecks; barley, 6 pecks ; oats, 6 to 8 pecks ; beans, 10 to 12 

 pecks. 



Do you subsoil and treuch-plough your laud ? — Yes. 



What is your depth of cultivation (mcAsured ou the 8o;id 

 side of the ploughed laud) .» — 12 inches, but it ought to be 

 deeper. 



Do you use a reaping machine '^ — Yes. 



How much has been your annual loss in horses and live 

 stock per acre (in money value) the last seven years ? — Is. per 

 acre per annum. 



How many acres (landlord's measure) does each farm horse 

 consume annually of tlie produce?— 2^. 



How many working horses do you keep to each 100 acres ? 

 — 6 for 170 acres. 



How much is your labour per acre per aaaum, including 

 bailiff (if any) and engme driver.' — 40s. 



How much purchased manure do you use per acre over the 

 whole farm ? — IO3. worth. 



How much purchased food per acre over the whole farm ?— 

 .€.'5 worth. 



How many pounds of meat (net dead weight) do you make 

 per acre over the whole farm ? I mean actual dead weight, 

 added to the animals which you purchase ? — 2001bs. per acre, 

 or31,000lbs.ou 170aeres. 



How many quarters of corn do you sell off the farm an- 

 nually per acre ? — Average: Wheat 250 quarters, beans 100 

 quarters, oats and barley 150 quarters, from 170 acres, or 24 

 bushels per acre. 



How much clover and grass-hay do you sell off annually .' 

 —£100 worth. 



How much dairy produce ditto ? — £70 worth. 



How much clover seed, or other seeds ditto ? — This year 

 about £70 worth. 



How much of any other produce ditto ? — About £30 worth 



Are your fences closely trimmed ? — Yes. 



Or are they allowed to go untrimmed for several years ? — 

 No, 



How many acres per 100 of the farm are occupied by budd- 

 ings, fences, roads, water courses, and waste .''—S acres, or 5 

 per Cent, of the land. 



Are your drains and water courses free and open?"- Yes. 



How many loads of burned clay ashes have been applied per 

 acre? — 25 cait loads. 



How much lime ? — About 80 bushels, or 240 buehels of 

 chalk. 



How many trees have you per acre ? — None. 



Is much of your labour done as piece work ? — Yes. 



Do you enter every money receipt and payment in the cash 

 book, and take stock at the beginning and end of each year? 

 —Yes. 



What profit do you make upon your farming capital ? — 

 From 15 to 18 per cent. 



Do you apply your house sewage to the soil ? — Yes. 



Do you grind corn for your neighbours ? — Yes, and it pays 

 well at Ss. per quarter. 



Are your stock comfortably housed during the winter ? — 

 Ye». 



Are your green and root crops passed through the chafi cut- 

 ters for your animals ? — Yes. 



Are your animals permitted to walk, lie down, and dung 

 upon their food ? — No. 



Do you hold your land on lease or by anuual tenure ? — I 

 farm my own land, except a portion held on a 21 years' 

 lease. 



Do you use waggons or carts ? — Carte. 



Are your corn stacks on iron rick frames ? — Yes, 



Do you feed much of your straw ? — Yes. 



I tiiink it right to state that I consider the items of £3 per 

 acre for purchased food, and 10s, per acre for guano, have a 

 most important influence on my profit. Without these items, 

 I should expect a very ditfereut balance-sheet. I also derive 



much benefit from applyiug the manure mixed with large 

 quantities of water. In fact, every one of the questions I have 

 propounded has, in a greater or less degree, an influence on 

 the profits of farming ; and it would be easy to come to a 

 conclusion as to the success or failure of a farmer from the 

 manner in which these questions would be answered. AVe can 

 safely compete with the whole world in the production of corn, 

 but that can only be done by a concurrent large production of 

 meat and manure, the latter not purch^jed, but produced by 

 the feeding of stock. My crop of wheat this year is immense. 

 I thrashed, this week, a seven-acre field of wheat, which pro- 

 duced a large crop of wheat in 1857, a great crop of beans in 

 1858, and now, in 1859, the crop of wheat is nearly seven 

 quarters per acre. This field was manured for beans in 1858, 

 but had no manure of any kind for the wheat crop of 1859. 



Those who have not experienced the advantage of drainage, 

 very deep cultivation, and abundant maouring, have yet a 

 great lesson to learn. I have good reason to believe that my 

 56 acres of wheat will produce more than 308 quarters, or Sj 

 quarters per acre, although 20 acres were taken without ma- 

 nure after a heavy crop of beans, 12 acres after mangel, 6 

 acres alter wheat, 12 acres after Italian rye grass, 6 after 

 clover. 



My crops were seen, as usual, during their growth by 

 many agriculturists from various parts of Britain, and from 

 foreign countries. — From a Paper read by Mr. Mechi, al Ihe 

 /Society of Arts on Wednesday, March 5. 



HOW TO FATTEN CHICKENS. 



It is hopeless to attempt to fatten chickens while they are 

 at liberty. They must be put in a proper coop ; and this, 

 like most other poultry appurtenances, need not be expensive. 

 To fatten twelve fowls, a coop must be three feet long, eighteen 

 inches high, and eighteen inches deep, made entirely of bars. 

 No part of it solid — neither top, side, nor bottom. Discretion 

 must be used according to the sizes of the chickens put up. 

 They do not want room ; indeed, the closer they are the better, 

 provided they can all stand up at the same time. Care must 

 be taken to put up such as have been accustomed to be together, 

 or they will fight. If one is quarrelsome, it is betier to remove 

 it at once, as, like other bad examples, it soon finds imitators. 

 A diseased chicken should not be put up. 



The food should be ground oats, and may either be put in 

 a trough or on a flat board running along the front of the coop. 

 It may be mixed with water or milk ; the latter is better. It 

 should be well slaked, forming a pulp as loose as can be, pro- 

 vided it does not run off the board. They must be well fed 

 three or four times a day — the first time as soon after daybreak 

 as possible or convenient, and then at intervals of four hours. 

 Each meal should be as much and no more than they can eat 

 up clean. When they have done feeding the board should be 

 wiped, and some gravel may be spread. It causes them to 

 feed and thrive. 



After a fortnight of this treatment, you will have good fat 

 fowls. If, however, there are but four to six to be fattened, 

 they must not have so much room as though there were twelve. 

 Nothing is easier than to allot them the proper space ; it is 

 only heceaeary to have two or three pieces of wood to pass 

 between the bars, and foim a partition. This may also serve 

 when fowls are put up at different degrees of fatuess. This 

 requires attention, or fowls will not keep fat and healthy. As 

 soon as the fowl is sufficiently fattened it must be killed, other- 

 wise it will still get fat, but it will lose fltsh. If fowls are 

 intended for the market, of course they are or may be all fat- 

 tened at once ; but if for home consumption, it is better to put 

 them up at such intervals as will suit the time when they are 

 required for the table. When the time arrives for killing, 

 whether they are meant for market or otherwise, they should 

 be fasted, without food or water, for twelve or fifteen hours. 

 This enables them to be kept some time after being killed, 

 even in hot weather.— London Cottage Gardener. 



