ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 59 



and its western variety S. varius ■nuchalis, tlie red-breasted sapsucker 8. richer 

 and its northern form S. ruber notkensis must be included in tlie class of in- 

 jurious species, the destruction of which when caught red-handed is justifiable. 

 In certain States it may prove desirable to deny these birds the degree of protec- 

 tion they now enjoy. "We know too little at present to decide the status of the 

 Williamson sapsucker S. thyroideus, 



" As there are 20 species of woodpeckers in the United States and only 2 

 of them are under indictment, great care should be exercised to distinguish 

 the real offenders. When it is necessary to destroy snpsuckers, poison should 

 be used because of the small risk to other species of birds." 



The susceptibility to plague of the weasel, the chipmunk, and the pocket 

 g-opher, G. W. McCoy (Jour. Infect. Diseases, 8 {1911), No. 1, pp. 42-46). — 

 The experiments reported "indicate that the weasel (Putorius xanthogenys) 

 and the chipmunk (Callospermophilus [Citellus] chrysodeirus) are quite sus- 

 ceptible to plague infection. As compared with control animals, the suscepti- 

 bility of the gopher {Thomomys hottw) is rather slight. This agrees with the 

 results of previous experiments." 



Fish, and game laws of Massachusetts, 1911 (Boston, 1911, pp. X+I44). — 

 A pocket guide to the fish and game laws of Massachusetts. 



Game and fish, laws and laws relating to destruction of noxious animals 

 [in Michigan], F. C. Maetindale (Lansing, Mich., 1911, pp. 211). — A compila- 

 tion of the revised laws of the State relating to the subject. 



Bibliography of Canadian zoology for 1909, L. M. Lambe (Proc. and Trans. 

 Roy. Soc. Canada, 3. ser., 4 (1910), Sect. IV, pp. 101-lOS).— This bibliography 

 consists of 73 titles by 39 authors. 



Bibliography of Canadian entomology for the year 1909, C. J. S. Bethune 

 (Proc. and Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, 3. ser., 4 (1910), Sect. IV, pp. 109-120). — 

 This bibliography consists of 127 titles by 66 authors. 



Thirteenth report of the state entomologist of Minnesota, F. L. Washburn 

 (Rpt. State Ent. Minn., 13 (1909-1910), pp. IX+184, pi. 1, figs. S7).— This report 

 consists largely of miscellaneous accounts of injurious insects in 1909 and 1910. 



Among the more important are those relating to a wheat-head army-worm 

 (Heliophila diffusa) as an enemy of timothy; work with grasshoppers; the 

 apple leaf-hopper and the cabbage maggot in 1909; experiments with the 

 cabbage maggot on radishes; nursery inspection, including the inspection of 

 imported European stock; San Jose scale possibilities in Minnesota; the 

 danger of introducing the gipsy and brown-tail moths into the State; house- 

 hold insects; further work upon the stalk borers (Papaipema sp.) ; notes on 

 the English grain plant louse (Macrosiphum granaria) ; 4 injurious shade 

 tree and timber pests; a cerambycid beetle infesting black and bur oaks; the 

 Franklin cabinet for alcoholic materials; a method of rearing borers; notes 

 on the work of the insectary and experimental garden; work with the box 

 elder borer ; and the typhoid fly on the Minnesota Iron Range, previously noted 

 from another source (B. S. R., 25, p. 762). 



Two insect pests of the United Provinces, T. B. Fletcher (Agr. Jour. 

 India, 6 (1911), Wo. 2, pp. 147-159). — The sugar cane grasshopper and the 

 potato moth are here dealt with. 



Insect enemies of cabbage, F. Sherman, Jr. (Bui. N. C. Dept. Agr., 32 

 (1911), No. 7, pp. 5-41, figs. 15). — ^A summarized account of the more important 

 insect enemies of the cabbage, together with remedial measures. 



First report of the entomologist, D. L. Van Dine (Porto Rico Prog., 1 

 (1911), Nos. 38, Sup., Rev. Asucarera, 1911, pt. 2, pp. 28-31; 4I, Sup., Rev. 

 Affticarera, 1911, pt. 3, pp. 36-42). — This report covers the period from the 



