VETERINARY MEDICINE. 87 



An undescribed pathogenic bacterium in milk, E. C. Scheoedeb and W. E. 

 Cotton (Amer. Vet. Rev., 40 {1911), No. 2, pp. 195-206, figs. 5).— An udder 

 organism was isolated from the milk of a tuberculous cow which at first could be 

 grown only on agar containing 6 per cent of glycerin and from 1 to 20 per cent 

 of ox gall (the most vigorous growth being in a medium containing 5 per cent 

 or more of ox gall). On this medium the organism grew superficially and ap- 

 peared as small, pearly, slightly convex, pale gray colonies. Later it was found 

 to grow well on an ordinary medium, or on agar which had been smeared with 

 the pulp of spleens from healthy guinea pigs. In stab cultures the growth was 

 mainly at the surface. It is Gram-positive, has an optimum temperature of 

 from 37 to 39° C, a thermal death point of 60°, and is non acid-fast. Mor- 

 phologically considered, the bacillus has rounded ends about the size of the 

 bovine type of the tubercle bacillus. 



" Guinea pigs become infected either through the inoculation or the inges- 

 tion of pure cultures or of naturally infected milk, but show no well marked 

 lesions until after the passage of 6 weeks or more." With some practice the 

 lesions caused by this organism in guinea pigs can be distinguished from those 

 caused by the tubercle bacillus. The bacillus could be repeatedly isolated from 

 the lesions. " Probably the most remarkable thing about the bacillus is [that 

 it is expelled] from the bodies of apparently healthy cows with their milk. . . . 

 Among 140 cows the bacillus was found in the milk of 19, and among 36 cows 

 it was being passed by 11. The 140 cows form a herd that has been repeatedly 

 tested with tuberculin, and which is very probably free from tuberculosis." 



Investigations in regard to the spontaneous infection of milk with Bac- 

 terium syncyaneum (blue milk) and tests in regard to eliminating this 

 disorder, A. Schultze (Berlin. Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 27 {1911), No. 5, pp. 

 90-95, fig. 1). — Cases are cited from which B. syncyaneum could be isolated from 

 milk which was taken under sterile conditions from the udders of 8 cows. The 

 infection was usually present in all of the quarters of the gland. The 

 author does not believe the air to be the carrier of the infection, but in one 

 instance flies wei'e found to convey the infection from an infected milk to a 

 sterile one. An abrupt change of food in no instance produced blue milk. 

 Attempts to remove the infection within the udder resulted in showing that 

 it was possible to eliminate the condition by injecting antiseptic fluids (such 

 as 4 per cent boric acid solution at 38° C, or a warm 0.5 per cent creolin solu- 

 tion) and proper external disinfection for a period of 8 days. 



A method for detecting cows the milk of which contains an abnormal 

 amount of leucocytes, fibrin, and bacteria, H. M. Hoyberg (Ztschr. Fleisch 

 u. Milchhyg., 21 {1911), No. 5, pp. 133-U7).—The method consists of adding 

 5.5 cc. of an alcoholic solution of rosolic acid (0.45 cc. of 1 per cent alcoholic 

 solution of rosolic acid mixed with 5 cc. 96 per cent alcohol) to 5 cc. of milk from 

 each quarter of the gland. Milk from a normal gland yields a yellow-orange 

 coloration, while that from an inflamed gland and containing the products of 

 inflammation gives a red coloration which varies between a red salmon red 

 and a carmine red. Milk which contains an excess of leucocytes, bacteria, and 

 fibrin gives a positive alkaline reaction. Milk obtained from cows which 

 calved during a space of from 1 to 3 weeks gives a yellow (acid) reaction. 

 Old milking cows often yield alkaline milks, but the author found that where 

 the udder was sound no red reacton (alkaline) was obtained. The method is 

 recommended for cases where the clinical symptoms are not yet manifest. 



How to make and use anti-hog cholera serum, M. S. Peters ( [Kansas 

 City, Mo.], 1911, pp. 40, figs. 7). — This publication has been prepared, as the 



